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However, it is also a major cause of pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis. The transition from pneumonia to bacteremia is critical, as patients that develop septicemia have ~20% mortality rates. Previous studies have shown that while neutrophils, a major bacterium-induced leukocyte, aid in<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>elimination, they also contribute to pathology and may mediate the lung-to-blood passage of the bacteria. Herein, we show that epithelium-derived MRP1 and MRP2 efflux immunomodulatory agents that assist in controlling passage of neutrophils during infection and that limiting neutrophil infiltration produced less bacteremia and better survival during murine infection. The importance of our work is twofold: ours is the first to identify an MRP1\/MRP2 axis of neutrophil control in the lung. The second is to provide possible therapeutic targets to reduce excess inflammation, thus reducing the chances of developing bacteremia during pneumococcal pneumonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00303-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T11:55:40Z","timestamp":1530705340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Transporters MRP1 and MRP2 Regulate Opposing Inflammatory Signals To Control Transepithelial Neutrophil Migration during Streptococcus pneumoniae Lung Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Zukauskas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall J.","family":"Mrsny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Cort\u00e9s Barrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerrold R.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth A.","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2015","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2015. 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