{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T19:21:31Z","timestamp":1790018491739,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,18]],"date-time":"2017-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,22]],"date-time":"2017-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487721600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Multidrug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an ongoing global problem and renders antimicrobial agents ineffective at treating bacterial infections. In the health care setting, infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria can cause increased mortality, longer hospital stays, and higher treatments costs. The aim of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (TEST) is to assess the\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            antimicrobial activities of tigecycline and other contemporary agents against clinically relevant pathogens. This paper presents antimicrobial activity data from the TEST study between 2004 and 2014 and examines global rates of MDR Gram-negative isolates, including\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and members of the\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n            , during this time. Our results show that tigecycline retained\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            activity against many MDR Gram-negative pathogens over the study period, while rates of MDR\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">A. baumannii<\/jats:named-content>\n            increased globally. Using these findings, we hope to highlight the current status of multidrug resistance in medical facilities worldwide.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00310-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,19]],"date-time":"2017-01-19T02:10:37Z","timestamp":1484791837000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":158,"title":["Global Assessment of the Activity of Tigecycline against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens between 2004 and 2014 as Part of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Giammanco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care \u201cG. D'Alessandro,\u201d University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Cal\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care \u201cG. D'Alessandro,\u201d University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Fasciana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care \u201cG. D'Alessandro,\u201d University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Dowzicky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/15748847113089990062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0703.1000132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3380"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01169-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2049936113476284"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/PMC.S14459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/533452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Pfizer Inc\n. 2016. Tygacil. Tigecycline FDA prescribing information. Pfizer Inc. Collegeville PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency\n. 2015. Tygacil: EPAR summary for the public. Report number EMA\/340933\/2015. European Medicines Agency London United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2006.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2006.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-015-0085-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(99)00090-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2010.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03654.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132936"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr337"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00234-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n. 2014. Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance 2014. WHO Geneva Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","unstructured":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute\n. 2015. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically; approved standards 10th ed. CLSI document M07-A10. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute\n. 2016. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing twenty-sixth informational supplement. CLSI document M100S. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute Wayne PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-2994-3-36"}],"container-title":["mSphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mSphere.00310-16","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mSphere.00310-16","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T03:51:46Z","timestamp":1646711506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/mSphere.00310-16"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,22]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,22]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/mSphere.00310-16"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/msphere.00310-16","relation":{},"ISSN":["2379-5042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2379-5042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-10-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-12-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00310-16"}}