{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:06:26Z","timestamp":1777349186398,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,27]],"date-time":"2017-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514332800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY025947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY025947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Endophthalmitis is a serious, potentially blinding infection that can result in vision loss, leaving a patient with only the ability to count fingers, or it may require enucleation of the globe. The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis has markedly increased over the past 2 decades, paralleling the rise in ocular surgeries and intravitreal therapies.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            is a leading cause of infection following ocular procedures, and such infections are increasingly difficult to treat due to multidrug resistance. Cytolysin is the primary virulence factor responsible for retinal tissue damage in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            eye infections. Treatment of these infections with antibiotics alone does not impede ocular damage and loss of visual function. Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) have been established as major virulence factors in endophthalmitis caused by several bacterial species. These facts establish a critical need for a novel therapy to neutralize bacterial PFTs such as cytolysin. Here, we demonstrate that biomimetic nanosponges neutralize cytolysin, protect the retina, preserve vision, and may provide an adjunct detoxification therapy for bacterial infections.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00335-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]],"date-time":"2017-11-23T01:25:49Z","timestamp":1511400349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["A Novel Biomimetic Nanosponge Protects the Retina from the Enterococcus faecalis Cytolysin"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Austin L.","family":"LaGrow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip S.","family":"Coburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederick C.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"},{"name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Land","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salai Madhumathi","family":"Parkunan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian T.","family":"Luk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liangfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle C.","family":"Callegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"},{"name":"Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"14","volume-title":"Endophthalmitis","author":"Parkunan SM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parkunan SM Callegan MC . 2016. 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