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Sloan Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000879","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007710","name":"University of Connecticut","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Startup funds"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Startup funds"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Waterfowl are natural reservoir species for influenza A virus (IAV). Thus, they maintain high levels of pathogen diversity, are asymptomatic to the infection, and also contribute to the risk of a global influenza pandemic. An individual\u2019s microbiome is a critical part in how a vertebrate manages pathogens and illness. Here, we describe the cloacal microbiome of 300 wild ducks, from five species (four with previously undescribed microbiomes), including both IAV-negative and IAV-positive individuals. We demonstrate that there is not one consistent \u201cflu-like\u201d microbiome or response to flu across species. Individual duck species appear to have unique relationships between their microbiomes and IAV, and IAV-negative birds have a stronger tie to host species than the IAV-positive birds. In a broad context, understanding the role of the microbiome in IAV reservoir species may have future implications for avian disease management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00382-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T14:37:58Z","timestamp":1540305478000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The Cloacal Microbiome of Five Wild Duck Species Varies by Species and Influenza A Virus Infection Status"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1998-9387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Hird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Ganz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AnimalBiome, Oakland, California, USA"},{"name":"Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Eisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter M.","family":"Boyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00045.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0625-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-017-0386-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00070-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.5.2814-2822.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1122438"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.56.1.152-179.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.30.2.547-553.1980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2008.1501"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000184"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00160-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00653"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1115273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5349.393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02746"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03974"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-005-0543-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2010.04908.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2010.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14354"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2015.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fix165"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"The avian influenza H7 N3 outbreak in south central Asia","volume":"47","author":"Naeem K","year":"2003","unstructured":"Naeem K. 2003. 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