{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:46:27Z","timestamp":1791049587963,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP25fk0108579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25fk0108579"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25K29640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K29640"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Morinomiyako Medical Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an emerging fungus notable for its high drug resistance and persistent colonization of human hosts and environmental surfaces. However, its role in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), a common form of superficial candidiasis, remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the colonization capacity of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      and vaginal defense mechanisms in a VVC model. Using an estrogenized VVC mouse model, we evaluated fungal burden, inflammatory cell counts, and S100A8 concentrations in vaginal lavages of wild-type (WT) and IL-17A knockout (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        Il17a\n                        <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      ) C57BL\/6J mice following\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      inoculation. Histopathological examination and flow cytometry analysis of vaginal immune cells were also conducted. Additionally, an\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      adhesion assay was performed using VK2\/E6E7 vaginal epithelial cells under aerobic and microaerobic conditions mimicking the vaginal environment. Persistent colonization by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris,<\/jats:italic>\n                      particularly clades I, III, and IV, with minimal infiltration of inflammatory cells, was confirmed in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        Il17a\n                        <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice. These findings were also supported by histopathological analysis. S100A8 concentration analysis revealed significant differences between WT and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        Il17a\n                        <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice, with lower levels detected in the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        Il17a\n                        <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      group. Furthermore, S100A8 levels showed positive correlations with inflammatory cell count and negative correlations with vaginal fungal burden. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a reduced number of vaginal neutrophils in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        Il17a\n                        <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice. Additionally,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      adhesion assay revealed increased\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      adherence to vaginal epithelial cells under microaerobic conditions.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibits a strong affinity for the vaginal epithelium, and IL-17A appears to play a protective role in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris-<\/jats:italic>\n                      associated VVC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an emerging fungal species, and several reports have recently identified C. auris in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), although few studies have investigated the relationship between C. auris and VVC or the associated host factors. Our study, using the VVC mouse model, confirmed persistent vaginal colonization by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      , especially clades I, III, and IV, along with reduced neutrophil infiltration and lower S100A8 secretion under interleukin-17A-deficient conditions. In addition,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      assays demonstrated enhanced\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells, especially microaerobic conditions imitating human vaginal microenvironments. Our findings suggest that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibits strong vaginal tropism, and IL-17A plays a critical role in controlling\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      -associated VVC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00446-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T13:00:32Z","timestamp":1759928432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<i>Candida auris<\/i>\n                    persists in the vaginal microaerobic niche in the absence of interleukin-17A"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6355-716X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001ggbx22","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sota","family":"Sadamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Nagamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001ggbx22","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Fungal Infection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for 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