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This steady rise in drug-resistant pathogens also extends to parasitic diseases, with antimony being the first anti-\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n            drug that fell in the Indian subcontinent (ISC). Leishmaniasis is a major but neglected infectious disease with limited therapeutic options. Therefore, understanding how parasites became resistant to antimonials is of commanding importance. In this study, we experimentally characterized the dynamics of this resistance acquisition and show for the first time that some\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n            populations of the ISC were preadapted to antimony resistance, likely driven by environmental factors or by drugs used in the 19th century.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00548-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T09:54:03Z","timestamp":1523958843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Molecular Preadaptation to Antimony Resistance in Leishmania donovani on the Indian Subcontinent"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8790-9986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Dumetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7198-1470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Cuypers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"Advanced Database Reasearch and Modelling (ADReM), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Zander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"D\u2019Haenens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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