{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:36:19Z","timestamp":1790220979954,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,26]],"date-time":"2018-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Marie Curie Career Integration grant","award":["618095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["618095"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000082","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000082","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Bacteria exposed to stress mediated by sublethal antibiotic concentrations respond by adaptive mechanisms leading to an overall increase of antibiotic resistance. One of these mechanisms involves the release of bacterial proteins called lipocalins, which have the ability to sequester antibiotics in the extracellular space before they reach bacterial cells. We speculated that interfering with lipocalin-mediated antibiotic binding could enhance the efficacy of antibiotics to kill bacteria. In this work, we report that when combined with bactericidal antibiotics, vitamin E contributes to enhance bacterial killing both\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>in vivo.<\/jats:italic>\n            This adjuvant effect of vitamin E requires the presence of BcnA, a bacterial lipocalin produced by the cystic fibrosis pathogen\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Burkholderia cenocepacia<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Since most bacteria produce lipocalins like BcnA, we propose that our findings could be translated into making novel antibiotic adjuvants to potentiate bacterial killing by existing antibiotics.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00564-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,11]],"date-time":"2018-12-11T10:59:56Z","timestamp":1544525996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Vitamin E Increases Antimicrobial Sensitivity by Inhibiting Bacterial Lipocalin Antibiotic Binding"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Marwa M.","family":"Naguib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8229-3641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Valvano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30296-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-017-0423-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.75"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/595011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068874"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02649-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00225-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.syapm.2010.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00212-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2014.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2016.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3180001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4838(00)00138-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4838(00)00148-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2013.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1396-1_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2008.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471143030.cb1708s23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.36.040306.132812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es902775u"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.05.171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.1.6.12985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2009.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2011.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.032516-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)69004-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2005.00274.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2014.05.062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.shk.0000208805.23182.a7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","volume-title":"CLSI supplement M100","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2017","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2017. 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