{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:15:40Z","timestamp":1790154940481,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI118426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI118426"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:named-content>\n            is a widespread parasite of animals that causes zoonotic infections in humans. Although healthy individuals generally control the infection with only moderate symptoms, it causes serious illness in newborns and those with compromised immune systems such as HIV-infected AIDS patients. Because rodents are natural hosts for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">T. gondii<\/jats:named-content>\n            , laboratory mice provide an excellent model for studying immune responses. Here, we used a combination of an attenuated mutant strain of the parasite that effectively vaccinates mice, with a defect in a transcriptional factor that impairs a critical subset of dendritic cells, to studying the immune response to infection. The findings reveal that in BALB\/c mice, CD4 memory T cells play a dominant role in producing IFN-\u03b3 needed to control chronic infection. Hence, BALB\/c mice may provide a more appropriate model for declining immunity seen in HIV-AIDS patients where loss of CD4 cells is associated with emergence of opportunistic infections.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00634-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T13:51:08Z","timestamp":1595339468000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["An Important Role for CD4\n            <sup>+<\/sup>\n            T Cells in Adaptive Immunity to Toxoplasma gondii in Mice Lacking the Transcription Factor Batf3"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Roxane","family":"Tussiwand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Behnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole M.","family":"Kretzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary E.","family":"Grajales-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa L.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth M.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7110-0285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. 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