{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:16:51Z","timestamp":1790363811670,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"HHS | U.S. Public Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL37260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL37260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"HHS | U.S. Public Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR41256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR41256"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008893","name":"University of Iowa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008893","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            are common human pathogens, causing infections that include the skin. Both pathogens produce a family of secreted toxins called superantigens, which have been shown to be important in human diseases. The first cell types encountered by superantigens on skin are keratinocytes. Our studies demonstrated, that the human keratinocyte pathway, among other pathways, responds to superantigens with production of chemokines, setting off inflammation. This inflammatory response may be harmful, facilitating opening of the skin barrier.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00803-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T14:33:56Z","timestamp":1601994836000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Human Keratinocyte Response to Superantigens"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8314-9369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Schlievert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francoise A.","family":"Gourronc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald Y. 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