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Having access to a database of fully sequenced bacterial genomes provides invaluable insights into microbial functions, but currently sequenced genomes for the human microbiome have largely come from a limited number of body sites (primarily feces), while other sites such as the skin, respiratory tract, and urinary tract are underrepresented, resulting in as little as 13% of bacterium-derived reads mapping to known bacterial genomes. Here, we sequenced and assembled 665 new bacterial genomes, prioritized from a larger database to select underrepresented body sites and bacterial taxa in the existing databases. As a result, we substantially improve mapping rates for samples from the Human Microbiome Project and provide an important contribution to human bacterial genomic databases for future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00096-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T07:04:03Z","timestamp":1582527843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Improving Characterization of Understudied Human Microbiomes Using Targeted Phylogenetics"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Rosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McDonnell Genome Institute at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathie","family":"Mihindukulasuriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McDonnell Genome Institute at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kymberlie","family":"Hallsworth-Pepin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McDonnell Genome Institute at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aye","family":"Wollam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McDonnell Genome Institute at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McDonnell Genome Institute at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Snowden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McDonnell Genome Institute at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"William Michael","family":"Dunne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; 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