{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:02:55Z","timestamp":1790834575742,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007240","name":"Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ADDOMEx-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ADDOMEx-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSystems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Microbes release exoenzymes into the environment to break down complex organic matter and nutrients into simpler forms that can be assimilated and utilized, thereby addressing their cellular carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus requirements. Despite its importance, the factors associated with the synthesis of exoenzymes are not clearly defined, especially for the marine environment. Here, we found that exoenzymes associated with nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition were strongly correlated with inorganic nutrient levels, while those associated with carbon acquisition depended on the type of organic carbon available. We also show a linear relationship between carbon- and nitrogen-acquiring exoenzymes and a strong correlation between microbial biomass and exoenzymes, highlighting their significance to microbial productivity. Last, we show that changes in microbial community composition are not strongly associated with changes in exoenzyme activity profiles, a finding which reveals a redundancy of exoenzyme activity functions among microbial community. These findings advance our understanding of previously unknown factors associated with exoenzyme production in the marine environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00290-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T09:41:32Z","timestamp":1586770892000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Exoenzymes as a Signature of Microbial Response to Marine Environmental Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9617-1362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manoj","family":"Kamalanathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&amp;M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9818-0115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shawn M.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Science, Texas A&amp;M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda M.","family":"Achberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry L.","family":"Wade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Schwehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Science, Texas A&amp;M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Santschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Science, Texas A&amp;M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7361-7472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason B.","family":"Sylvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5640-1426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonietta","family":"Quigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&amp;M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oceanography, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.54.3.784-790.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1721242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14225-3_12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260320612"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00131-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-013-9906-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08632"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2007.01451.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/ame038135"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/359139a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1579\/0044-7447-33.8.565"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-018-0326-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2017.128"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2015.131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218344"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2010.03321.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2014.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2009.00817.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1703424114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1994.39.4.0930"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2000.45.4.0930"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1995.40.6.1042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2427.2002.00901.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2009.02383.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2001.46.2.0345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1998.43.6.1344"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/13-0430.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02025000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/ame016087"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es061417t"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00785236.1995.10422042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-7609-5_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1997.42.1.0029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","volume-title":"Microbial enzymes in aquatic environments","author":"Chr\u00f3st RJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chr\u00f3st RJ (ed). 2012. Microbial enzymes in aquatic environments. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin, Germany."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/ame032151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2007.86"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt919"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es401676y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.57"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-010814-015543"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05227"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03162"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.68.11.5625-5633.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.12.5585-5592.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-45-1-116"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m62-029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2017.e00419"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2011GM001103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00798"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-019-0426-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marchem.2010.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marchem.2018.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0570508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(85)90442-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2670(00)01196-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(91)90372-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00009-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00062-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-005-5010-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709016105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","unstructured":"Oksanen J. 2015. Vegan: an introduction to ordination. https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/vegan\/vignettes\/intro-vegan.pdf."}],"container-title":["mSystems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mSystems.00290-20","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mSystems.00290-20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T01:30:34Z","timestamp":1646703034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/mSystems.00290-20"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Rappe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/mSystems.00290-20"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/msystems.00290-20","relation":{},"ISSN":["2379-5077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2379-5077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00290-20"}}