{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T13:28:41Z","timestamp":1787059721682,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yong Dai Academician's workstation","award":["Wan Ke Science and Technology [2023] No. 317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Wan Ke Science and Technology [2023] No. 317"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou entrepreneurship leading team","award":["No:202009030005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No:202009030005"]}]},{"name":"Graduate Innovation Project of Hefei National research center for Health","award":["OMH-2023-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OMH-2023-04"]}]},{"name":"Clinical and Translational research project of Anhui province","award":["202427610020132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202427610020132"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015805","name":"Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20250604142331041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20250604142331041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSystems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The resilience of microbial metabolic functions during gut microbiome dysbiosis depends on functional redundancy across taxa. However, this ecological principle remains largely unexplored in human autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, we utilized quantitative metaproteomics to analyze fecal samples from 103 SLE patients and 62 healthy controls. Analysis of 30,124 protein groups revealed a protein-abundance-based shift in microbial arginine pathway capacity. Specifically, argininosuccinate synthase (ArgG), the committed enzyme for arginine biosynthesis, was significantly downregulated in SLE. In contrast, carbamate kinase and ornithine carbamoyltransferase\u2014key enzymes of the arginine deiminase catabolic pathway\u2014were upregulated. Taxonomic attribution demonstrated that ArgG expression was driven almost exclusively by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ruminococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a genus heavily depleted in SLE. Conversely, upregulated catabolic enzymes and IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH, the rate-limiting enzyme in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      purine biosynthesis) were broadly distributed across multiple genera, buffering them against compositional shifts. A leakage-free random forest analysis integrating taxonomic and functional features showed moderate internal discrimination between SLE patients and healthy controls, with a mean area under the curve of 0.784, and identified IMPDH as the most frequently selected functional feature. Because arginine availability regulates T cell function through the GCN2 starvation-response pathway, this protein-abundance-based vulnerability of microbial arginine biosynthesis provides a candidate link between gut dysbiosis and SLE immune pathogenesis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      By applying quantitative metaproteomics to a large clinical cohort, we demonstrate that the metabolic consequences of gut dysbiosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are largely dictated by the degree of functional redundancy within the microbiota. We show that functions restricted to a single bacterial lineage, such as\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ruminococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -dependent arginine biosynthesis, are highly vulnerable to ecological disruption. Conversely, pathways distributed across diverse taxa\u2014like nucleotide biosynthesis and arginine catabolism\u2014remain robust despite taxonomic shifts. This asymmetric functional distribution shifts the perspective of SLE-associated dysbiosis from broad taxonomic profiling to the precise prediction of metabolic deficits. Crucially, identifying reduced microbial arginine-biosynthetic enzyme abundance provides a candidate microbe-derived link to the arginine-dependent T cell defects characteristic of SLE pathogenesis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00467-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T14:06:11Z","timestamp":1783692371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gut metaproteomics reveals activated arginine catabolism and impaired arginine biosynthesis in systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8398-091X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjun","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01hcefx46","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Clinical Medical Research Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University)","place":["Shenzhen, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/049tv2d57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Guangdong Provincial Autoimmune Disease Precision Medicine Engineering Research Center, Shenzhen Autoimmune Disease Engineering Research Center, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University)","place":["Shenzhen, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/049tv2d57","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University)","place":["Shenzhen, 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