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The isolate was first identified by MALDI-TOF MS. PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to detect carbapenem resistance genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution. Whole genome sequencing was carried out using Illumina and Nanopore platforms. Conjugation experiments and comparative genomic analysis were used to assess plasmid transferability and the genetic context of resistance genes. A total of 103\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      genome sequences were retrieved from public databases and, together with the isolate from this study, used to construct a core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based phylogenetic tree. The antimicrobial resistance genes carried by each strain were also analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      K31 was resistant to cephalosporins, carbapenems, and ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC range: 8 to &gt;64 \u00b5g\/mL), but susceptible to amikacin, meropenem-vaborbactam, aztreonam-avibactam, eravacycline, tigecycline, and colistin. Whole genome sequencing analysis showed that the strain was classified as ST 145. The\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>IMP-96<\/jats:sub>\n                      genes were located on IncFIB(K)-like and IncM1 plasmids, respectively. Conjugation experiments confirmed that both plasmids carrying carbapenem resistance genes were transferable to recipient strain\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      J53 and conferred carbapenem resistance. Comparative genomic analysis indicated that the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n                      gene was located in the variable region of a Tn\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">3<\/jats:italic>\n                      family transposon, whereas the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>IMP-96<\/jats:sub>\n                      gene was embedded in a gene cassette captured by the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">IntI1<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Genomic analysis of 104 ST145\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates revealed that 94.2% (98\/104) harbored at least one carbapenem resistance gene. This study is the first report of a clinical isolate of ST145\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      co-producing\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>IMP-96<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Both resistance genes are located on mobile genetic elements that can be transferred between different bacterial species, facilitating the spread of antimicrobial resistance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Carbapenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      has been increasingly reported worldwide; however, isolates co-producing both class A and class B carbapenemases remain rare. This study reported a clinical ST145\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolate co-harboring the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>KPC-2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>IMP-96<\/jats:sub>\n                      resistance genes, which exhibited high-level resistance to both carbapenems and ceftazidime-avibactam. The two carbapenemase genes were located on conjugative plasmids separately with autonomous transfer capability. Genetic context analysis revealed that both resistance genes were embedded in mobile genetic elements, which likely mediate their capture and horizontal transfer across bacterial species. The widespread distribution of such mobile elements carrying resistance genes accelerates the evolution of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Genomic analysis of global ST145\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains further indicated that this sequence type represents a high-risk, multidrug-resistant clonal lineage with significant public health implications. Enhanced surveillance and screening of ST145\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      are warranted to limit its further global spread.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01529-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T14:00:39Z","timestamp":1765980039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular characterization of a clinical ST145\n                    <i>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/i>\n                    strain co-producing KPC-2 and IMP-96 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