{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:53:35Z","timestamp":1792688015050,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2304900, 2022YFC2304905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2304900, 2022YFC2304905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2505100, 2022YFC2505103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2505100, 2022YFC2505103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSystems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is associated with the gut microbiota, and identifying reliable gut microbiota biomarkers enhances AD diagnosis. We aim to characterize the gut microbiota in AD patients by integrating data from multiple populations and identifying key candidate gut microbiota indicators with diagnostic value for AD. Public data from studies on AD and gut microbiota were collected, including participants from AD dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal control (NC) groups. Microbiota composition, diversity, and network analyses were used to characterize the gut microbiota of the three groups. Differential bacterial genera identified simultaneously by seven common methods served as candidate indicators. The study included 799 AD dementia, 170 MCI, and 731 NC participants. The AD dementia group demonstrated a lower relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      and lower \u03b1-diversity than the MCI and NC groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). The microbial network density in the AD dementia group was reduced by 1.5% and 1.6% compared with the NC and MCI groups, respectively. We identified 35 bacterial genera as candidate indicators for AD, including first-time reports of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">RF39<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Oligella. Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the most important candidate indicator in the overall population,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Akkermansia<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the Chinese population,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Collinsella<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the \u201cTurkish and Kazakh\u201d population, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the \u201cAmerican and Canadian\u201d population. Our findings contribute to the development of non-invasive biomarkers for AD diagnosis and targeted microbiota therapies and provide a valuable reference for selecting specific biomarkers for different application scenarios.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study characterized the gut microbiota of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and identified candidate indicators for AD diagnosis using a large, multi-population data set. The AD dementia group consistently showed lower \u03b1-diversity and a sparser microbiota interaction network than the other groups. We identified 35 bacterial genera as candidate indicators for AD, including first-time reports of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">RF39<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Oligella<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the most important candidate indicator in the overall population,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Akkermansia<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the Chinese population,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Collinsella<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the \u201cTurkish and Kazakh\u201d population, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the \u201cAmerican and Canadian\u201d population. These findings provide a valuable reference for selecting biomarkers for different application scenarios.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01754-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T13:01:06Z","timestamp":1774443666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identifying candidate gut microbiota indicators for Alzheimer\u2019s disease through integrated data"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5385-7767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03aq7kf18","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Phase I clinical trial research ward, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi'an, 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