{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:15:23Z","timestamp":1785413723652,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Cooperation Special Fund project for High-Tech Industrialization of Jilin Province and Chinese Academy of Science","award":["2023SYHZ0044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023SYHZ0044"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2022QH221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2022QH221"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018556","name":"Science and Technology Program of Suzhou","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SJC2022013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SJC2022013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018556","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The global rise in syphilis incidence and the challenges of early diagnosis highlight the urgent need for convenient diagnostic tools. In this study, we present a colorimetric immunosensor for the detection of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      antibodies (TP-Ab) using a natural silk cocoon membrane (SCM) as the substrate, based on the principle of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The TP monoclonal antibody 3H12 and the chimera antigen TP99, comprising epitopes TP15, TP17, and TP47, were sequentially coupled to functionalized SCM to form the SCM-based TP-Ab immunosensor. The detection was quantified by color extraction, and the Corrected\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>red<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were used as a judgment parameter. The TP-Ab immunosensor demonstrated a detection limit of 0.48 mIU\/mL, lower than the 0.68 mIU\/mL limit of commercial microplate ELISA kits. Furthermore, it exhibited no cross-reactivity with antibodies against other pathogens. Testing with a reference serum panel yielded 100% concordance with the reference results. Comprehensive statistical analysis of the Corrected\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>red<\/jats:sub>\n                      values from the reference serum panel and banked samples indicated an optimal cutoff value of 0.0921, achieving 100% sensitivity, 97.96% specificity, and high overall accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.9995 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.9979\u20131.00. Moreover, a statistically significant correlation with microplate ELISA was observed (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.9217,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). This reliable ELISA-integrated colorimetric immunosensor, featuring a three-dimensional porous structure and inherent bioactivity, contributes to improving the detection performance and provides a rapid and convenient diagnostic solution for syphilis. It is particularly well-suited for resource-limited settings where on-site testing is critical.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>Syphilis remains a major global public health concern, particularly in resource-limited settings where early and accurate diagnosis is often hindered by technical and economic barriers. Here, we report a novel treponemal antibody (TP-Ab) immunosensor based on natural silk cocoon membrane (SCM), a biocompatible and porous material with intrinsic bioactivity. By integrating enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay principles and a recombinant TP15-17-47 chimera antigen, the SCM-based immunosensor enables colorimetric detection of TP-Ab with high specificity and visual readout. Unlike traditional methods that require complex instrumentation or expensive reagents, this platform offers a low-cost, portable, and easy-to-use alternative suitable for on-site or point-of-care testing. The findings highlight the potential of silk-derived biosensors in a promising direction for syphilis screening technologies.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00094-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T13:04:25Z","timestamp":1753189465000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A novel colorimetric immunosensor based on silk cocoon membrane-integrated ELISA for treponemal antibody detection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4989-8574","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00f58mx93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of 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