{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:46:29Z","timestamp":1792071989714,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To refine the epidemiological profile of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Guangzhou, this study analyzed\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NG),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (UU), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CT) infections among 37,680 patients treated at the Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University from 2020 to 2024. Overall prevalence was 15.48% for NG, 30.91% for UU, and 4.78% for CT. NG and CT prevalences were both significantly higher in males than in females (NG: 25.07% vs 2.86%; CT: 5.33% vs 4.28%), whereas UU prevalence was higher in females (41.67% vs 24.96%). Age-specific patterns revealed distinct trends. NG prevalence in males peaked in the \u226420 age group (48.34%) and declined with age. UU prevalence was highest in females \u226420 years (60.00%). CT prevalence peaked in youth \u226420 years (25% and 30.34% for males and females, respectively), with lower rates observed in subsequent age groups. Regarding co-infections, UU+CT was the most frequent (5.00%). NG+UU and NG+CT co-infections were male-predominant, whereas UU+CT was significantly higher in females \u226420 years (36.00% vs 13.95%).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">O<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E<\/jats:italic>\n                      and OR analyses suggested a synergistic interaction for UU+CT in both sexes aged \u226430 years. Triple infection (NG+UU+CT) remained below 1% and showed no significant sex difference. Stratified by clinical presentation, NG and CT infections in males were highly concentrated in the urogenital inflammation group, demonstrating a symptom-driven pattern. In females, CT infection was prevalent in the urogenital inflammation (7.37%), others (7.11%), and screening and asymptomatic examination (5.86%) groups, and NG was detected in both the inflammation (3.46%) and screening (3.61%) groups, indicating a coexistence of symptomatic and occult infections. UU showed consistently high prevalence across all female clinical groups (32.50%\u201346.07%). Our study provided evidence for tailored STI control strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study systematically characterized the epidemiological profile of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NG),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (UU), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CT) infections in Guangzhou, revealing distinct sex- and age-specific patterns, identifying UU+CT as the predominant co-infection with a synergistic interaction in individuals aged \u226430 years, and demonstrating a symptom-driven pattern for NG and CT in males versus a dual burden of symptomatic and occult infections in females. These findings fill a gap in the epidemiological data in South China and support gender-specific screening strategies that distinguish symptomatic management in males from proactive case-finding in females.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00156-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:01:29Z","timestamp":1792069289000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/i>\n                    , and\n                    <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>\n                    infections in 37,680 patients in Guangzhou, China"],"prefix":"10.1128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9602-675X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiaying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bgbsx11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9368-9231","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meiling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0064kty71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Blood Transfusion, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0064kty71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoyi","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bgbsx11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wuwei","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bgbsx11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bangming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bgbsx11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3100-4752","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Donglin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bgbsx11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.23487"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.4345"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.18.228486"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"465","article-title":"Global status of Azithromycin and Erythromycin Resistance Rates in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Lu Z","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lu Z, Tadi DA, Fu J, Azizian K, Kouhsari E. 2022. 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