{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:16:47Z","timestamp":1788225407078,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30-DK117469"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-DK117469"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRAMER21A0-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRAMER21A0-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HONG21A0-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HONG21A0-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STANTO19R0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STANTO19R0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZHANG21A0-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZHANG21A0-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      detection in respiratory samples of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) is important for the diagnosis of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -related lung disease. Yet, fungal culture approaches are not standardized for clinical CF respiratory samples. We analyzed CF sputum to determine culture conditions that may improve the detection of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . A total of 281 remotely collected sputum samples from 74 adults with CF were analyzed in two laboratories, Johns Hopkins and Dartmouth.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      was found in 121 (74%) and 84 (71%) samples in Johns Hopkins and Dartmouth, respectively. In the Johns Hopkins laboratory, we observed a decreased odds for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      growth when using Czapek-Dox agar (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.78, 95% CI 0.68\u20130.89,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01) compared to inhibitory mold agar. An incubation temperature of 30\u00b0C compared to 37\u00b0C was associated with decreased\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      positivity in 21%O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (aOR 0.71, 95% CI 0.58\u20130.88,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). We also observed 82% increased odds for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolation while incubating in 37\u00b0C 1% oxygen (O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) compared to 37\u00b0C 21% O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      5% carbon dioxide (CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.41\u20132.36,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). Additional work in the Dartmouth laboratory demonstrated Sabouraud agar media was associated with decreased odds for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive culture compared to inhibitory mold agar (aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63\u20130.93,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). Our data suggest that use of inhibitory mold agar and 37\u00b0C and hypoxic incubation conditions may increase the odds to detect\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in remotely collected CF sputa. Validation studies are needed to determine if these culture conditions improve\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      detection in CF.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is the most common filamentous fungus that affects the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), and the detection is critical to determine whether treatment is required. We examined how fungal culture media, sputum processing, and incubation conditions may impact the recovery of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in CF sputum. Our study found that semi-selective fungal culture media, such as inhibitory mold agar and incubation in 37\u00b0C and low oxygen, were associated with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      growth in remotely collected CF sputum. Validation of our findings has the potential to impact the approach of clinical fungal culture to detect\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the CF population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00181-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T22:39:21Z","timestamp":1780094361000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative analysis of selective fungal culture media and incubation conditions for\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>\n                    in cystic fibrosis sputum"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9321-8399","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gina","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, 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Medicine","place":["Baltimore, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher H.","family":"Goss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cvxb145","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Washington","place":["Seattle, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane E.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/016z2bp30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, National Jewish Health","place":["Denver, USA"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0130frc33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of North Carolina","place":["Chapel Hill, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David 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