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In total, 30 Holstein cows (average parity 3.76 \u00b1 0.48, milk in lactation day 22.45 \u00b1 0.51) were randomly assigned to a control group (CON) or an experimental group (EXP) receiving 50 mL AMCB daily, providing 10 g sodium metasilicate, 5 g potassium bicarbonate, 0.5 mg zinc oxide, and 0.05 mg Ge-132 per cow. Cows supplemented with AMCB exhibited higher dry matter intake, milk production, fat-corrected milk yield, and energy-corrected milk yield, as well as increased lactose and milk protein concentrations and daily yields (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) compared to the CON group. Notably, there was a significant reduction in somatic cell counts in the milk (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). AMCB supplementation also led to a decrease in serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), while increasing rumen ammonia nitrogen concentrations (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). A trend toward greater bacterial richness (Chao1,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.06) was observed, with significant increases in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Prevotellaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      _UCG-001 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ruminococcaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      _NK4A214_group by d 30 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      identified as a biomarker in the EXP group. These findings underscore that AMCB supplementation enhances production performance in dairy cows, mitigates liver function impairment, and stimulates the proliferation of protein-degrading bacteria in the rumen. This highlights AMCB\u2019s potential as a strategic dietary intervention, offering valuable guidance for optimizing nutritional management to support both metabolic health and productivity for early-lactation cows.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>Early lactation is a critical period for dairy cows, characterized by high milk production demands and a heightened risk of subacute ruminal acidosis, which compromises rumen function, fiber digestion, and overall productivity. While research on buffering agents has predominantly focused on monogastric animals or single-agent applications, the role of composite buffers in early-lactation dairy cows remains underexplored. Our study demonstrated that supplementation with an alkaline mineral complex buffer (AMCB) significantly improved milk yield and quality, increased the relative abundance of protein-degrading bacteria, reduced somatic cell counts, and enhanced liver function. These results provide compelling evidence supporting the strategic application of composite buffering agents to enhance lactational performance and metabolic health in dairy cows.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00239-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T14:50:37Z","timestamp":1762354237000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of alkaline mineral complex buffer addition on milk performance, blood parameters, and rumen microbiota in early-lactation dairy cows"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4844-5892","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04v3ywz14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04v3ywz14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0313jb750","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04j7b2v61","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04j7b2v61","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanlin","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04v3ywz14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8494-7474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04v3ywz14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04j7b2v61","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University","place":["Yinchuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","volume-title":"World population prospects the 2017 revision","author":"United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs","year":"2017","unstructured":"United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2017. 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