{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:14:35Z","timestamp":1790356475119,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20HA2007, 20HA2009, 23HA2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20HA2007, 20HA2009, 23HA2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP21fk0108612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21fk0108612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA on inanimate surfaces plays a crucial role in environmental surveillance, enabling the indirect detection of infected individuals and facilitating rapid infection control responses. However, developing a practical on-site, end-to-end method for detection remains a challenge. In this study, we established protocols for on-site detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on surfaces using two portable laboratory devices: The PicoGene PCR1100 and Bento Lab. Test particles comprised of inactivated viral particles containing partial sequences of SARS-CoV-2, type 1 poliovirus, coxsackie virus A16, and norovirus genogroups I and II were applied to reference materials as simulated contaminants. The direct detection method with the PicoGene PCR1100 achieved a recovery efficiency of 35.1% for the dried reference material. Furthermore, the Bento Lab, equipped with a microcentrifuge for on-site RNA purification, successfully detected a low concentration of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 reference standard. The recovery efficiency of the on-site RNA purification method on plastic, stainless steel, glass, and polyvinyl chloride surfaces ranged from 15.5% to 21.2%. Through the combination of these portable devices, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected within 1 h of swab sampling. This study contributes to the on-site risk assessment of infectious diseases by enabling the rapid detection of viral genomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study presents the development of a highly sensitive on-site method for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA on various surfaces, including doorknobs and tables. Identifying SARS-CoV-2 RNA on these surfaces can be crucial in guiding decision-making for implementing non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as zoning strategies, improving ventilation, maintaining physical distancing, and promoting increased hand hygiene practices. Moreover, the on-site detection system can facilitate the swift initiation of mitigation responses in non-laboratory settings, including long-term care facilities and schools. The protocols established in this study offer a comprehensive approach for achieving both sensitivity and rapidity in on-site SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. Furthermore, since the RT-qPCR assay serves as the gold standard for detecting viral RNAs, the developed protocol holds potential for application to other viruses, including enteroviruses and noroviruses.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00456-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T13:00:10Z","timestamp":1696424410000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Rapid and sensitive on-site detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from environmental surfaces using portable laboratory devices"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9692-8724","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kouichi","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5852-8738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minami Kikuchi","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1488-8309","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiromu","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2004973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200885"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa437"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.2020.02.0202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)\n. 2021. Science brief: SARS-CoV-2 and surface (fomite) transmission for indoor community environments. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/more\/science-and-research\/surface-transmission.html. Retrieved 5 Aug 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30678-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00526-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.01136-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095560"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n. 2020. Antigen-detection in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection using rapid immunoassays: interim guidance 11 September 2020 on world health organization. Available from: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/334253. 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Microbiology of the food chain \u2014 horizontal method for determination of hepatitis A virus and norovirus using real-time RT-PCR ISO 15216-1:2017. Geneva Switzerland. Available from: https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/65681.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","volume-title":"2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV); background-color: transparent; real-time rRT-PCR panel primers and probes","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2020","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 2020. 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV); background-color: transparent; real-time rRT-PCR panel primers and probes. 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