{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:15:56Z","timestamp":1788225356978,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhejiang Science and Technology Plan for Disease Prevention and Control","award":["2026JKY138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026JKY138"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The global dissemination of ceftriaxone-resistant\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                      threatens effective treatment and necessitates rapid diagnostic tools for surveillance. This study systematically evaluated three established molecular assays to identify practical and reliable approaches for detecting key resistance-associated\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      markers, supporting evidence-based clinical decision-making. A total of 150\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were selected from an existing strain collection. Ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by agar dilution, and full-length\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      sequences were obtained by Sanger sequencing. High-resolution melting (HRM), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were applied to genomic DNA from all isolates. Assay performance was assessed based on the detection of the A311V substitution, identification of the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -60.001 allele, and classification of ceftriaxone-resistant isolates. Sanger sequencing revealed 34 distinct\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      genotypes, confirming that 96 isolates carried the A311V substitution. While the dominant type was\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -60.001 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 90), this mutation was also found in other types, including\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -37.001 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -294.001. For detecting\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -60.001, HRM and LAMP assays demonstrated high accuracy (sensitivity above 98%, specificity over 91%), significantly outperforming qPCR. The assays also showed substantially higher specificity when directly detecting the A311V substitution across all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      types. However, when assessed against the ceftriaxone resistance phenotype, the sensitivity of all methods dropped to approximately 90%, due to the presence of resistant strains lacking the A311V mutation. Both HRM and LAMP reliably detect A311V and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -60.001. Given its high accuracy, straightforward interpretation, and minimal infrastructure requirements, LAMP is particularly suitable for routine clinical diagnostics and antimicrobial resistance surveillance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Rapid identification of antimicrobial-resistant\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                        is essential for effective laboratory diagnostics and resistance surveillance. By systematically comparing three molecular assays across diverse\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">penA<\/jats:italic>\n                        genotypes, this study clarifies the strengths and limitations of commonly used approaches for detecting ceftriaxone resistance markers. The findings provide practical guidance for diagnostic laboratories seeking reliable and resource-appropriate methods to support antimicrobial resistance monitoring.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00514-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T13:02:04Z","timestamp":1779886924000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rapid detection of ceftriaxone-resistant\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\n                    : evaluation of HRM, LAMP, and qPCR targeting\n                    <i>penA<\/i>\n                    -60.001"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2003-8951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanhong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059gcgy73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linshan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04c4dkn09","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Dermatology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Bengbu Medical University","place":["Bengbu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Dermatology Hospital","place":["Deqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingqin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Dermatology Hospital","place":["Deqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6447-928X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shaochun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059gcgy73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University","place":["Nanjing, China"]},{"name":"Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faxing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04c4dkn09","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Dermatology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7845-0314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Dermatology Hospital","place":["Deqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000980"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0501-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2024. 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