{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:33:59Z","timestamp":1787016839717,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022796","name":"Jubil\u00e4umsstiftung von Swiss Life","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022796","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023961","name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biotecnol\u00f3gica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CB21\/13\/00043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB21\/13\/00043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023961","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Fabrikant Vilhelm Pedersen og Hustrus Legat"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cutibacterium avidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      is increasingly recognized as a\n                        causative agent of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs), yet data on its\n                        pathogenic potential and distinguishing features from commensal strains\n                        remain limited. In this multicenter study, we compared 11\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">avidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates from PJIs with 32\n                        isolates from healthy skin collected across four European hospitals. We\n                        investigated phylogenetic relationships, antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm\n                        formation, and bacterial fitness. Phylogenomic analysis revealed two main\n                        clades within the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. avidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      population. All PJI isolates\n                        belonged exclusively to Clade 1, which also included skin isolates. Within\n                        Clade 1, gene content analysis showed no consistent genetic differences\n                        between PJI and skin isolates. All isolates exhibited moderate to strong\n                        biofilm formation, with no significant differences in either data set.\n                        Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal biofilm inhibitory\n                        concentration (MBIC) values were low and largely concordant, while minimal\n                        biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values were elevated for all\n                        antibiotics except rifampin. One isolate was resistant to clindamycin due to\n                        the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">erm(X<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) gene. Rifampin consistently showed the lowest\n                        MIC, minimal bactericidal concentration, MBIC, and MBEC values. Bacterial\n                        fitness, assessed via bacterial quantitative fitness analysis, was\n                        significantly lower in PJI isolates compared to skin isolates when all\n                        strains were analyzed (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.039), but this difference was\n                        not statistically significant when restricted to Clade 1. In conclusion,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. avidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates are strong biofilm producers\n                        irrespective of clinical origin. PJI isolates are restricted to a single\n                        phylogenetic clade, yet lack distinct biofilm or fitness traits within that\n                        clade, suggesting that multiple Clade 1 strains may have the potential to\n                        cause PJIs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cutibacterium avidum<\/jats:italic>\n                        has long been considered a skin\n                            commensal, but it is increasingly associated with prosthetic joint\n                            infections (PJIs). Despite its clinical emergence, little is known about\n                            its virulence potential or how invasive strains differ from commensal\n                            ones. This multicenter study provides the most comprehensive comparative\n                            analysis to date, integrating phenotypic and genomic data from both\n                            PJI-associated and skin-derived isolates. We show that all isolates are\n                            strong biofilm formers and that invasive isolates exhibit reduced growth\n                            fitness\u2014a phenotype linked to persistence and treatment failure\n                            in other pathogens. Notably, all PJI isolates belonged to a single\n                            phylogenetic clade, suggesting that specific lineages of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C.\n                                avidum<\/jats:italic>\n                        may be more likely to cause infection. These\n                            findings help clarify the biology of this emerging pathogen and provide\n                            a foundation for improved diagnostics, susceptibility testing, and\n                            future infection prevention and treatment strategies.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00515-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T13:00:44Z","timestamp":1758891644000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bacterial skin colonization with a specific\n                    <i>Cutibacterium                        avidum<\/i>\n                    clade as a risk factor for periprosthetic joint                    infections\u2014a multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Llanos","family":"Salar Vidal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS\u2014Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz, UAM","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02crff812","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"CIBERINFEC-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Prinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich","place":["Zurich, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal M.","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01aj84f44","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich","place":["Zurich, 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