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Despite speculation about ChiC\u2019s role in PA disease pathogenesis, there is scant evidence supporting this hypothesis. Since PA cannot catabolize chitin, we investigated the potential function(s) of ChiC in PA pathophysiology. Our findings show that ChiC exhibits activity against both insoluble (\u03b1- and \u03b2-chitin) and soluble chitooligosaccharides. Enzyme kinetics toward (GlcNAc)\n              <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n              revealed a\n              <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>cat<\/jats:sub>\n              of 6.50 s\n              <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n              and a\n              <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>M<\/jats:sub>\n              of 1.38 mM, the latter remarkably high for a canonical chitinase. In our label-free proteomics investigation, ChiC was among the most abundant proteins in the Pel biofilm, suggesting a potential contribution to PA biofilm formation. Using an intratracheal challenge model of PA pneumonia, the\n              <jats:italic>chiC<\/jats:italic>\n              ::ISphoA\/hah transposon insertion mutant paradoxically showed slightly increased virulence compared to the wild-type parent strain. Our results indicate that ChiC is a genuine chitinase that contributes to a PA pathoadaptive pathway.\n            <\/jats:p>\n            <jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>\n                In addition to performing chitin degradation, chitinases from the glycoside hydrolase 18 family have been found to play important roles during pathogenic bacterial infection.\n                <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. Despite not being able to grow on chitin, the bacterium produces a chitinase (ChiC) with hitherto unknown function. This study describes an in-depth characterization of ChiC, focusing on its potential contribution to the bacterium\u2019s disease-causing ability. We demonstrate that ChiC can degrade both polymeric chitin and chitooligosaccharides, and proteomic analysis of\n                <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                biofilm revealed an abundance of ChiC, hinting at a potential role in biofilm formation. Surprisingly, a mutant strain incapable of ChiC production showed higher virulence than the wild-type strain. While ChiC appears to be a genuine chitinase, further investigation is required to fully elucidate its contribution to\n                <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                virulence, an important task given the evident health risk posed by this bacterium.\n              <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00546-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T13:03:20Z","timestamp":1717160600000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring roles of the chitinase ChiC in modulating\n            <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>\n            virulence phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7747-122X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Per Kristian Thor\u00e9n","family":"Edvardsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, \u00c5s, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Askarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host-Microbe Systems &amp; Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Zurich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host-Microbe Systems &amp; Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3847-0422","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victor","family":"Nizet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host-Microbe Systems &amp; Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA"},{"name":"Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3077-8003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gustav","family":"Vaaje-Kolstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, \u00c5s, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"866","volume-title":"Principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases","author":"Planet PJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Planet PJ. 2017. 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