{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:50:35Z","timestamp":1789851035106,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005847","name":"FHB | Health and Medical Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19180692"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19180692"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001839","name":"University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17104420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17104420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001839","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001839","name":"University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AoE\/P-705\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AoE\/P-705\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001839","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibiotics are widely applied to treat infectious diseases. Empirically treatment with incorrect antibiotics, or even correct antibiotics always falls into subinhibitory concentrations, due to dosing, distribution, or secretion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00640-22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T13:01:05Z","timestamp":1656334865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Subinhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics Exacerbate Staphylococcal Infection by Inducing Bacterial Virulence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanxin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel Evelyn","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ka Wing","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Ting Venice","family":"Iu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherlock Shing Chiu","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hin Cheung Bill","family":"Yam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Halebeedu Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7510-1696","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonathan Hon Kwan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8811-1308","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pak Leung","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2083-1552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwok Yung","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8703-4980","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Richard Yi Tsun","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2017.282"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03965.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1650-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr2000509"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2007.2044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/510396"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01344"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01947.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01201-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00880-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.7.2726-2729.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","volume-title":"Reducing bacterial resistance with IMPACT.","author":"Ho P","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ho P, Wu T, Chao D, Hung I, Lui L, Lung D. 2017. Reducing bacterial resistance with IMPACT. Hong Kong."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/138.6.872"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/645863"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.11.2817"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2006.00568.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-020-00426-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02211-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00360-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ808"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/45.2.243"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/8.supplement_5.503"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000715"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)47358-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2013.00020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004174"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","volume-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) protocols.","author":"Anonymous","year":"2007","unstructured":"Anonymous. 2007. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) protocols. Humana Press, Totowa, N.J."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1720520115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.1.196-202.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/656047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2011.01639.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1638"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.21.6585-6590.1999"}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.00640-22","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.00640-22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T14:29:09Z","timestamp":1661956149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.00640-22"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Giordano","family":"Rampioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.00640-22"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.00640-22","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-02-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00640-22"}}