{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T20:21:19Z","timestamp":1785356479697,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"UiTM | Institute of Research Management and Innovation, Universiti Teknologi MARA","award":["600-IRMI\/MYRA 5\/3\/BESTARI (018\/2017)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["600-IRMI\/MYRA 5\/3\/BESTARI (018\/2017)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n              Genetic characterization of multidrug-resistant (MDR)\n              <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n              remains scarce in Malaysia. This study aimed to characterize antibiotic resistance, genomic location, and genetic relatedness among the\n              <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n              isolates obtained from a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. A total of 128 MDR\n              <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n              isolates were collected from patients admitted to various wards (intensive care unit [ICU], neonatal intensive care unit, coronary care unit, high dependency ward [HDW], and general wards). The isolates were identified by Vitek 2 and PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene followed by sequencing. The isolates were tested against imipenem, ceftazidime, amikacin, gentamicin, ampicillin, and ciprofloxacin using disk diffusion, Epsilometer test, and broth microdilution. The antibiotic resistance genes,\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>OXA-23<\/jats:sub>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>OXA-24<\/jats:sub>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>ADC<\/jats:sub>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>VIM,<\/jats:sub>\n              and\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>IMP<\/jats:sub>\n              , were detected in chromosomal and plasmid DNA using PCR. Insertion sequence IS\n              <jats:italic>Aba<\/jats:italic>\n              1\/\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>OXA-23<\/jats:sub>\n              gene was detected on chromosomal DNA only. Isolates with different antibiotic susceptibility patterns and PCR profiles were subjected to multi-locus sequence typing. MDR\n              <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n              was predominantly found in HDW (39.84%), general wards (29.69%), and ICU (28.13%). All isolates conferred resistance to carbapenem and more than 90% resistance to the remaining antibiotics. The antibiotic resistance genes\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>OXA-23<\/jats:sub>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>VIM,<\/jats:sub>\n              and\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>ADC<\/jats:sub>\n              were detected in both chromosomal and plasmid DNA. The IS\n              <jats:italic>Aba<\/jats:italic>\n              1\/\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>OXA-23<\/jats:sub>\n              gene was detected in 99.22% of the isolates. Four sequence types (STs) were distinguished: ST2 (76.67%), ST164 (10%), ST642 (10%), and ST643 (3.33%). ST164 and ST642 were unique and represent a significant finding in Malaysia\u2019s surveillance data. These STs are associated with acquired\n              <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>OXA-23<\/jats:sub>\n              , indicating an evolutionary adaptation of\n              <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n              within the hospital setting.\n            <\/jats:p>\n            <jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>\n                <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                is a ubiquitous Gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium that is primarily associated with nosocomial infections that can colonize biotic and abiotic surfaces to enhance cell-to-cell adhesion, ensuring the establishment of infections. To date, the spread of multidrug-resistant\n                <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                (MDRAB) has become rampant and a great concern in the hospital setting, as the available antibiotics are insufficient to treat infections. The antibiotic resistance island resides in a mobile element and rapidly evolved. The antibiotic susceptibility data with its resistance mechanisms would contribute to and facilitate the management and infection control caused by MDRAB.\n              <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00872-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T14:01:08Z","timestamp":1734703268000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Genetic profiling of multidrug-resistant\n            <i>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/i>\n            from a tertiary care center in Malaysia"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Aisyah Syakirah","family":"Shahari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg. Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital","place":["Sg. Buloh, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navindra Kumari","family":"Palanisamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg. Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital","place":["Sg. Buloh, Malaysia"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg. Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital","place":["Sg. Buloh, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1268-2515","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fadzilah","family":"Mohd Nor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg. Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital","place":["Sg. Buloh, Malaysia"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg. Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital","place":["Sg. Buloh, Malaysia"]},{"name":"Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus","place":["Puncak Alam, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426-018-0038-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fitd.2023.1110125"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2018.58"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-016-0115-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"National surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (NSAR) report. 2022. National Institutes of Health Malaysia"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2004.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"965","article-title":"Microbiological and molecular detection of VIM-1 metallo beta lactamase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"18","author":"El-Ageery SM","year":"2014","unstructured":"El-Ageery SM, Al-Hazmi SS. 2014. Microbiological and molecular detection of VIM-1 metallo beta lactamase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 18:965\u2013970.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.082263-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4073-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2020.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.masthead.30-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-019-0319-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02479"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1068840"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01388-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S228089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S151423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"623","article-title":"Association between mutations in gyrA and parC genes of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and ciprofloxacin resistance","volume":"18","author":"Ardebili A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ardebili A, Lari AR, Beheshti M, Lari ER. 2015. Association between mutations in gyrA and parC genes of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and ciprofloxacin resistance. Iran J Basic Med Sci 18:623\u2013626.","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","unstructured":"Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Guideline. 2023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a025247"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","first-page":"928","volume-title":"Small animal critical care medicine","author":"Shaw SP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shaw SP. 2014. \u03b2-lactam antimicrobials, p 928\u2013929. In Small animal critical care medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","unstructured":"The institut pasteur website. Available from: www.pasteur.fr\/mlst"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2015.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-799942-5.00016-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01445"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2016.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2002.00487.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar300327a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/953417"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/789265"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-023-09144-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-023-00982-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12155020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05387-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/21156.9397"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02784-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000853"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2021.101331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5021064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20071781"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2006.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01492.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01783-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-365"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00291-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2016.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2014.0018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04412-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-017-0296-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S260643"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl509"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/fsoa-2018-0127"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10050563"}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.00872-24","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.00872-24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T14:08:28Z","timestamp":1738678108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.00872-24"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kathryn T.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.00872-24"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.00872-24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00872-24"}}