{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:24:09Z","timestamp":1788269049078,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Gram-negative bacterium\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dickeya solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      causes potato soft rot and blackleg, and effective control measures remain limited. We evaluated the agricultural potential of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus sulphureoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a recently described and chemically unexplored fungus. Bioactivity-guided molecular networking of extracts that inhibited\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      led to the isolation of six metabolites: cladobotrin IV (\n                      <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                      ), two new analogs cladobotrin VII and cladobotrin VIII (\n                      <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                      and\n                      <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                      ), and the orsellinic acid-derived metabolites F9775A (\n                      <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n                      ), F9775B (\n                      <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\n                      ), and violaceol I (\n                      <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\n                      ). Among these, the polyketide F9775B (\n                      <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\n                      ) inhibited both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      89.4 and 59.3 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively), while cladobotrin VIII (\n                      <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                      ) was active against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      95 \u00b5g\/mL). Furthermore, co-culture with the beneficial rhizobacterium\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      revealed an additional interaction:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. sulphureoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                      induced a pronounced antifungal defense in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . MALDI-MSI showed that this interaction spatially enriched canonical\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      lipopeptides (surfactins and fengycins) at the confrontation zone, whereas the shortened fengycins variants were detected only intracellularly within the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      colony. This indicates that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. sulphureoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                      triggers\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      to mobilize and secrete bioactive lipopeptides for defense while retaining the less active short-chain fengycin-like compounds intracellularly. Together, these results establish\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. sulphureoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                      as both a source of antimicrobial compounds and an inducer of beneficial bacterial defenses, providing a rationale for further in-planta validation and development as a sustainable biocontrol agent.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Potato soft rot and blackleg caused by\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dickeya solani<\/jats:italic>\n                        are difficult to control, creating a need for sustainable biocontrol strategies. Here, we show that the recently described fungus\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus sulphureoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                        has a dual function relevant to crop protection. Bioactivity-guided molecular networking enabled the targeted discovery of six antibacterial metabolites, including two new cladobotrin analogs and the first cladobotrins reported from\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                        , and identified F9775B as the main metabolite active against\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                        . Using MALDI mass spectrometry imaging, we further demonstrate that\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. sulphureoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                        does not act only through its own metabolites but also triggers\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                        to enrich and deploy surfactin and fengycins at the interaction zone. These findings expand the known chemical diversity of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. sulphureoviridis<\/jats:italic>\n                        and support its potential as a dual-function contributor to sustainable microbe-based biocontrol.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00977-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:00:11Z","timestamp":1784552411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dual-function\n                    <i>Aspergillus sulphureoviridis<\/i>\n                    : antibacterial polyketides against\n                    <i>Dickeya solani<\/i>\n                    and elicitation of\n                    <i>Bacillus subtilis<\/i>\n                    lipopeptides"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8262-5698","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/031y8am81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, and College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics","place":["Nanjing, China"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qtj9h94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark","place":["Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos N.","family":"Lozano-Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qtj9h94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark","place":["Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1021-1608","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Scott A.","family":"Jarmusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qtj9h94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark","place":["Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0573-4340","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jens C.","family":"Frisvad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qtj9h94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark","place":["Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4465-1636","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"\u00c1kos T.","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qtj9h94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark","place":["Kgs. 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