{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:14:07Z","timestamp":1788225247882,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001773","name":"University of New South Wales","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PS46772"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PS46772"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    species are emerging human enteric pathogens. This study examines the isolation of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    and other enteric bacterial pathogens from patients with and without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study also investigates the intestinal epithelial pathogenic mechanisms of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The isolation rates of seven enteric bacterial pathogens from 2,279 patients with IBD and 373,276 non-IBD patients were compared. An\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain (AS1) isolated from intestinal biopsies of a patient with IBD was used for pathogenic mechanism investigation, and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    K12 was used as a bacterial control. HT-29 cells were used as a model of human intestinal epithelium. A significantly higher isolation of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    species was found in patients with IBD as compared to non-IBD patients (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0001, odds ratio = 2.11).\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                    upregulated 177 inflammatory genes and downregulated 52 protein-coding genes affecting chromatin assembly, multiple small nuclear RNAs, multiple nucleolar RNAs, and 55 cytoplasmic tRNAs in HT-29 cells. These downregulation effects were unique to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and not observed in HT-29 cells infected with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    K12.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                    induced intestinal epithelial apoptosis involving the intrinsic pathway.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                    caused epithelial microvilli shortening and damage and epithelial production of IL-8. In conclusion, this study for the first time reports the association between IBD and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    enteric infection detected by bacterial cultivation. This study also reports that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                    damages intestinal epithelial cells via multiple mechanisms, of which the downregulating cytoplasmic tRNA, small nuclear RNA, and small nucleolar RNA are novel bacterial pathogenic mechanisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study for the first time reports the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      enteric infection detected by bacterial pathogen cultivation, highlighting the need of clinical and public health attention. The finding that patients with IBD are more susceptible to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      enteric infection suggests that detection of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      enteric infection should be routinely performed for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD. This study also reports novel bacterial pathogenic mechanisms employed by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aeromonas veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Through comparative transcriptomic analysis and other techniques, this study revealed the pathogenic mechanisms by which\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. veronii<\/jats:italic>\n                      causes damage to intestinal epithelial cells. Among the various pathogenic mechanisms identified, the downregulating tRNA, small nuclear and nucleolar RNAs in human intestinal epithelial cells are novel bacterial pathogenic mechanisms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01088-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T09:07:58Z","timestamp":1695287278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Emerging\n                    <i>Aeromonas<\/i>\n                    enteric infections: their association with inflammatory bowel disease and novel pathogenic mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Seul A.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2779-6630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Yuwono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Biazik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9705-4010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfred Chin Yen","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helicobacter Research Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, University of Western Australia","place":["Perth, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Janitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Riordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9834-5258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiting","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1325-669X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael C.","family":"Wehrhahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, a Sonic Healthcare Australia Pathology Practice","place":["Macquarie Park, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7506-8278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8010129"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9071440"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01395"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2017.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.801892"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12814"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000247"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000520272"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.5.686"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2006.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-022-08402-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000457"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110726"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00618-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","unstructured":"Blighe K Rana S Lewis M . EnhancedVolcano: publication-ready volcano plots with enhanced colouring and labeling. R package version 1.14.0. Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/kevinblighe\/EnhancedVolcano"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw377"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir504"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2015.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01806-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.20"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3382"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.94"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3345"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12734"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2018.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wrna.1269"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aat6409"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.140.3.627"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_2","first-page":"997","article-title":"Microfilament-disrupting agents prevent the formation of apoptotic bodies in tumor cells undergoing apoptosis","volume":"52","author":"Cotter TG","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cotter TG , Lennon SV , Glynn JM , Green DR . 1992. Microfilament-disrupting agents prevent the formation of apoptotic bodies in tumor cells undergoing apoptosis. Cancer Res. 52:997\u20131005.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.111.19.2911"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35070009"}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.01088-23","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.01088-23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:27:31Z","timestamp":1788222451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.01088-23"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Shannon D.","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.01088-23"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.01088-23","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01088-23"}}