{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T03:07:18Z","timestamp":1788318438776,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis are the leading bacterial zoonoses in Europe, with poultry meat being the primary source of human contamination. Although both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteria can coexist asymptomatically in chickens, their reciprocal impact remains underexplored. An\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      study showed that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                      survival was positively affected by the presence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      , but no data are available on this interaction in the animal gut. In this study, an\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      investigation was carried out to explore the dynamics between\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization in chickens. The results revealed that both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      maintained significantly higher levels of colonization in the ceca throughout the experiment when co-inoculated compared to when inoculated alone. Additionally, changes in the microbiota were associated with each pathogen inoculated alone, but the simultaneous presence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      induced specific modulations that could possibly explain this phenomenon. Significant differences were found in the serum metabolome of the contaminated groups, and partial least squares discriminant analysis models enabled the discrimination of contaminated animals from controls using these metabolic signals. Furthermore, possible links between variations in the microbiota and variations in the metabolome were identified.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        This study demonstrates a synergistic effect between\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                        and\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                        in the gut during co-infection in chickens, leading to an increased presence of both pathogens, as well as unique microbiota and metabolome changes. These findings underscore the importance of considering co-infection in poultry control measures and highlight the complex interplay between pathogens, microbiota, and metabolism.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01102-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T14:02:07Z","timestamp":1770386527000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Co-inoculation of broilers by\n                    <i>Campylobacter<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    : effect on colonization, cecal microbiota, and serum metabolome"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1301-7915","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muriel","family":"Guyard-Nicod\u00e8me","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0471kz689","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES)","place":["Ploufragan, France"]},{"name":"USC Metabiot","place":["Ploufragan, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrielle","family":"Payen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0471kz689","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES)","place":["Ploufragan, France"]},{"name":"USC Metabiot","place":["Ploufragan, 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