{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:42:45Z","timestamp":1792590165328,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to study the stability of a Beta (\u03b2)-SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine in a series of preliminary experiments using selective stabilizing excipients. \u03b2-SARS-CoV-2 VLPs were produced and purified using established methodologies. The thermostability of VLPs was tested at 4\u00b0C and \u221230\u00b0C in the presence or absence of stabilizers polysorbate 80, sorbitol, or L-histidine in the presence of a physiological NaCl concentration of 137 mM. The integrity of VLPs was assessed using ELISA, Western immunoblot, and dynamic light scatter (DLS). \u03b2-SARS-CoV-2 VLPs were stable at 4\u00b0C for 14 days, and the addition of stabilizing excipients improved stability compared to VLPs in PBS alone. Storage of VLPs at \u221280\u00b0C maintained particle integrity by DLS analysis for up to 2 years. Excipients helped to maintain the antigenicity of the VLPs by ELISA and Western immunoblot, and DLS analysis revealed that VLPs retained their particulate structure.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>\n                        <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n                      <\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate globally and cause significant illness. The problem of waning immunity to mRNA\/LNPs has necessitated frequent boosters to keep pace with emerging variants. The development of alternative vaccines, therefore, remains a priority. Protein- based vaccines, like VLPs, offer a safe alternative able to produce longer-lasting immune responses. In this preliminary stability analysis, the \u03b2-SARS-CoV-2 VLPs were found to be stable at 4\u00b0C, and the addition of excipients improved VLP stability. Storage of VLPs at \u221230\u00b0C and \u221280\u00b0C also showed that the VLPs are stable for extended periods. Our findings will be of importance for the ongoing development of a SARS-CoV-2 VLP-based vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01169-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:03:31Z","timestamp":1792587811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preliminary stability studies of a \u03b2-SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8672-8339","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Edeling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity","place":["Parkville, 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