{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:56:23Z","timestamp":1791294983581,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are common inhabitants of healthcare environments and can serve as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance determinants. However, the relationship among disinfectant tolerance, efflux-associated phenotypes, and multidrug resistance in environmental CoNS remains incompletely defined. Here, 51 staphylococcal isolates were recovered from high-touch hospital surfaces in Hanoi, Vietnam, and 14 isolates showed elevated MICs to at least one disinfectant, including benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, or hydrogen peroxide, relative to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ATCC 25923. These isolates also displayed multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Moreover, ethidium bromide accumulation assays revealed a clear efflux-associated phenotype, and representative isolates exhibited biofilm-forming ability. Whole-genome sequencing of three representative isolates reclassified SDH.B1 and SDH.B3 as\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus nepalensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2014a CoNS species rarely documented in hospital AMR surveillance\u2014and confirmed SDH.B7 as\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus haemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . To our knowledge, this is among the first reports of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. nepalensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      carrying\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mecA<\/jats:italic>\n                      together with the disinfectant efflux gene\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qacG<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and a set of putative small multidrug resistance (SMR)-like transporters in a hospital environment from Southeast Asia. In addition, six putative SMR-like proteins were identified. Phylogenetic and structural analyses suggested relatedness to YkkC\/YkkD-like systems, although their transport activity remains to be experimentally verified. These findings identify environmental CoNS as reservoirs of disinfectant tolerance and multidrug resistance in hospital settings and provide a basis for future functional investigation of putative SMR-like transporters.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Hospital environmental CoNS are often dismissed as low-priority contaminants, yet they may persist under disinfectant pressure and carry clinically relevant resistance determinants. Here, disinfectant-tolerant CoNS recovered from a Vietnamese hospital combined multidrug resistance, efflux-associated phenotypes, and biofilm-related traits. Genome analysis further revealed known\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qac<\/jats:italic>\n                        genes and six putative SMR-like proteins that merit functional testing. These findings support inclusion of environmental CoNS in infection-prevention surveillance and disinfectant stewardship programs.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01294-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T13:01:36Z","timestamp":1788958896000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic characterization of efflux pumps and putative small multidrug resistance (SMR)-like transporters in disinfectant-tolerant coagulase-negative staphylococci from a Vietnamese hospital"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4269-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dao Hai","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Sciences Research (CELIFE), Faculty of Biology, VNU University of 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Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0572-0878","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ha Thi Viet","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Sciences Research (CELIFE), Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science","place":["Hanoi, 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