{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:28:10Z","timestamp":1785414490739,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FDN154327"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FDN154327"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009056","name":"GlycoNET","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ID-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009056","name":"GlycoNET","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ID-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID-11"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      forms antibiotic-tolerant biofilms in cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs. Targeting exopolysaccharides such as Psl and Pel offers a potential strategy to disrupt biofilms and improve antibiotic efficacy. Fourteen clinical CF\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were screened for Psl- and Pel-dependent biofilm formation using crystal violet assays. The adjunctive effects of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) PslG\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      and PelA\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      with colistin, levofloxacin, and tobramycin (at peak sputum concentrations following nebulization) were evaluated using a high-throughput assay. Confocal microscopy visualized effects in live biofilms at subinhibitory antibiotic levels for two representative strains. Enzyme stability in CF sputum supernatant at 37\u00b0C was assessed via Western blot. Nine of 14 isolates showed PslG\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      -mediated disruption; only 3\/14 were disrupted by PelA\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      . PslG\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      significantly enhanced antibiotic effects in 24 of 42 strain-antibiotic pairs (57%), compared with 5 of 42 (12%) for PelA\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Adjunctive effects were most pronounced with tobramycin, yielding 18.1% biofilm reduction. Confocal imaging confirmed additive effects when the GH corresponded to the exopolysaccharide to which the isolate had demonstrated disruption in the screening assay, but showed no benefit when targeting the other exopolysaccharide, even at higher enzyme doses. PslG\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      was more stable than PelA\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      in sputum, with PelA\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      degraded significantly by 4 and 20 h. GHs targeting exopolysaccharides associated with biofilm disruption in functional assays can enhance antibiotic efficacy against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      biofilms. PslG\n                      <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                      shows greater promise due to broader activity and better sputum stability. These findings support tailored GH-antibiotic strategies in CF lung infection treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Biofilms formed by\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                        are a major obstacle to effective antibiotic treatment, particularly in chronic lung infections encountered in cystic fibrosis. This study explores the use of glycoside hydrolases (enzymes that degrade key biofilm components) as a way to enhance antibiotic activity against early-stage clinical isolates. Our findings show that targeting biofilm structure can potentiate the effects of multiple antibiotics, suggesting that biofilm-degrading compounds hold promise as future antibiotic adjuvants. However, variability among bacterial strains highlights the need for further research before these strategies can be reliably translated into clinical care.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01354-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T14:00:25Z","timestamp":1773064825000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Glycoside hydrolases enhance antibiotic activity against\n                    <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>\n                    biofilms from cystic fibrosis airways"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4886-189X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isaac","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00zn2c847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto, Canada"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00zn2c847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00zn2c847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto, Canada"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03dbr7087","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto","place":["Toronto, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepa","family":"Raju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00zn2c847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Program in Molecular Medicine, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Yau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00zn2c847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3490-0691","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amanda J.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00zn2c847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto, Canada"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01azfw069","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler","place":["Tyler, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5537-6249","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shafinaz","family":"Eisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00zn2c847","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children","place":["Toronto, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2776-062X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"P. 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