{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:27:15Z","timestamp":1787167635384,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIAID\/NIH","award":["HHSN272201700039I\/HHSN27200004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201700039I\/HHSN27200004"]}]},{"name":"NIAID\/NIH","award":["75N93019D00022\/75N93019F00131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93019D00022\/75N93019F00131"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We evaluated the\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      activity of nikkomycin Z against central nervous system coccidioidomycosis. Mice were inoculated intracranially with arthroconidia of\n                      <jats:italic>Coccidoides immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and treatment with nikkomycin Z (50, 100, or 300 mg\/kg orally TID) or fluconazole (25 mg\/kg orally BID) began 2 days later. Each dose of nikkomycin Z and fluconazole significantly improved survival and reduced brain fungal burden compared with vehicle control. Further studies of nikkomycin Z against coccidioidomycosis are warranted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Coccidioides<\/jats:italic>\n                      species are endemic fungi that are capable of causing disease in patients with various comorbidities, as well as in otherwise healthy individuals. Treatment options for coccidioidomycosis are suboptimal, as azole antifungals may be limited by drug interactions and adverse effects due to interactions with enzymes found in humans and other mammals. Nikkomycin Z is an investigational agent that works against a target specific to the fungal cell wall (chitin), which is not present in the cells of humans or other mammals. In this study, we show that frequent oral administration of nikkomycin Z is effective in an experimental model of central nervous system coccidioidomycosis. Further studies of nikkomycin Z against coccidioidomycosis may be warranted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01356-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T09:05:01Z","timestamp":1724144701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of nikkomycin Z with frequent oral administration in an experimental model of central nervous system coccidioidomycosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2225-5122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan P.","family":"Wiederhold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fungus Testing Laboratory, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura K.","family":"Najvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie","family":"Jaramillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Olivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Larwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valley Fever Solutions, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas F.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-006-0065-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199504203321607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-020-00431-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.27724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw360"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-3-199602010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02634-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00409207"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.4.587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00999-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02258-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","volume-title":"Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi","author":"CLSI","year":"2017","unstructured":"CLSI. 2017. Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. Third Edition. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00285-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkab223"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01609-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.9.2371"}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.01356-24","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.01356-24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T09:10:08Z","timestamp":1727946608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.01356-24"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Christina A.","family":"Cuomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.01356-24"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.01356-24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01356-24"}}