{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:25:08Z","timestamp":1792200308237,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian Research Council Future Fellowship","award":["FT200100732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT200100732"]}]},{"name":"Australian Research Council Linkage","award":["LP170100187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP170100187"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Filarioid nematodes are harmful vector-borne pathogens that afflict humans and other animals, with numerous species transmissible from animals to humans, i.e., zoonotic. In the last decade, one zoonotic filarioid, previously named\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. Hong Kong genotype has been increasingly found as a cause of disease in people traveling from South Asia and has recently been characterized as a novel species:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dirofilaria asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Nonetheless, the epidemiology of this parasite in Asia remains poorly understood. Therefore, with the aid of a novel pan-filarioid nanopore-based metabarcoding assay, we aimed to elucidate the epidemiology of dirofilariosis in Cambodia. We tested 504 canine blood samples collected from five regions and used the cytochrome c oxidase (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">cox1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) gene sequences obtained to conduct phylogenetic analyzes. We found no evidence of the canine heartworm\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      nor\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dirofilaria repens<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the country. Conversely, we detected\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                      and genetically characterized it from the eastern district of Tbong Khmum at a local prevalence of 4% (95% CI = 1.6%\u20139.8%), an area just ~100 km northeast of the country\u2019s capital, Phnom Penh. We also detected\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acanthocheilonema reconditum<\/jats:italic>\n                      from 0.2% of dogs sampled (95% CI = 0%\u20131%). Phylogenetic and haplotype network analyzes of Cambodian\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                      sequences clustered with strong support to those found from canines and humans in Bhutan, Hong Kong, India, and Sri Lanka. This genetic characterization of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                      in Cambodia highlights the need for further epidemiological research into human filariases in Cambodia, given the zoonotic nature of this parasite and that mass drug administration targeting filarioids is no longer conducted in the country.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Parasitic filarioid nematodes are transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods and can cause significant disease in animals and humans (i.e., zoonotic). One such zoonotic filarioid (\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dirofilaria asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                        ) that has recently been characterized has been found responsible for a growing number of cases of human filariases, particularly in individuals who live in or have traveled to South and Southeast Asia.\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                        predominantly infects dogs, and therefore, to better understand this parasite\u2019s distribution, we tested 504 dogs from five regions of Cambodia using an advanced diagnostic approach. We found that the local prevalence of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                        in dogs in the eastern district of Tbong Khmum was 4%. Given that mass drug administration programs to control human-infecting filarioid nematodes in Cambodia have stopped, this first detection of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">D. asiatica<\/jats:italic>\n                        in Cambodia is alarming, given its potential to cause disease in vulnerable cohabiting people.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01990-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T14:21:18Z","timestamp":1758118878000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetic characterization of zoonotic\n                    <i>Dirofilaria asiatica<\/i>\n                    in Cambodian dogs through nanopore metabarcoding"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1384-2886","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lucas G.","family":"Huggins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne","place":["Parkville, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6723-9225","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ushani","family":"Atapattu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne","place":["Parkville, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virak","family":"Khieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/000r0q932","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"National Centre for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health","place":["Phnom Penh, Cambodia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7484-7592","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Traub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne","place":["Parkville, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4903-1479","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vito","family":"Colella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne","place":["Parkville, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2009.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2434-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2023.100625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182011002198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2020.102117"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taad121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2308.170423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1521"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2010.0067"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00196"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-00303-5_15","volume-title":"Helminth infections and their impact on global public health","author":"Genchi C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Genchi C, Bandi C, Kramer L, Epis S. 2022. 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