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The present study reports two cases of systemic\n            <jats:italic>Brucella pinnipedialis<\/jats:italic>\n            infection detected in bottlenose dolphins (\n            <jats:italic>Tursiops truncatus<\/jats:italic>\n            ) pair stranded together in the Cantabrian coast of Spain. Both animals showed systemic lesions associated with the\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            infection, more severe in the younger dolphin, considered the likely offspring of the other individual. Real-time PCR, bacterial culture, and whole-genome sequencing were used to detect and characterize the\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            strains involved in both dolphins. The phylogenetic analysis performed on the\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            genomes retrieved revealed that the species involved was\n            <jats:italic>B. pinnipedialis<\/jats:italic>\n            (ST25). Both animals resulted seropositive in a commercial multispecies blocking ELISA but tested negative in the standard Rose Bengal test. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a systemic infection resulting in various lesions associated with\n            <jats:italic>Brucella pinnipedialis<\/jats:italic>\n            (ST25) in two bottlenose dolphins. It is also the initial isolation of\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            in the milk of a non-pregnant or non-aborting female cetacean likely stranded with its offspring. These findings provide new insights into the epidemiology and clinical impact of\n            <jats:italic>B. pinnipedialis<\/jats:italic>\n            infection in cetaceans and underscore the importance of continued diagnostic surveillance to gain better understanding of brucellosis effects and transmission in marine mammal populations.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n              spp. are zoonotic pathogens that can affect both terrestrial and marine mammals.\n              <jats:italic>Brucella ceti<\/jats:italic>\n              has been identified in various cetacean species, but only one sequence type (ST27) has been reported in humans. However, it is important to conduct surveillance studies to better understand the impact of marine\n              <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n              species on marine mammals, a typically understudied host group. Here, we describe a systemic infection by two related strains of\n              <jats:italic>Brucella pinnipedialis<\/jats:italic>\n              (ST25) in a couple of live-stranded bottlenose dolphins, with more severe lesions in the younger animal. Furthermore,\n              <jats:italic>B. pinnipedialis<\/jats:italic>\n              was first detected in milk from a female cetacean that stranded with its offspring. Our study reveals novel insights into the epidemiology and pathological consequences of\n              <jats:italic>B. pinnipedialis<\/jats:italic>\n              infections in cetaceans, emphasizing the crucial importance of ongoing surveillance and accurate diagnosis to understand the impact of this pathogen on marine mammal populations.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01997-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T13:06:16Z","timestamp":1696597576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["New insights into the pathogenesis and transmission of\n            <i>Brucella pinnipedialis<\/i>\n            : systemic infection in two bottlenose dolphins (\n            <i>Tursiops truncatus<\/i>\n            )"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8721-3150","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ignacio","family":"Vargas-Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Animal Health Department, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Crespo-Picazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3\r Fundaci\u00f3n Oceanogr\u00e0fic. 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