{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:15:20Z","timestamp":1788225320540,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["347316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["347316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Providencia stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an emerging opportunistic pathogen in humans and belongs to a genus that has shown great genomic diversity.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                      has shown relevant traits in antimicrobial resistance because of its intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics and its ability to acquire resistance genes that limit therapeutic options. The present study describes the molecular epidemiology of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                      based on the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme developed for this purpose. This non-PCR-based scheme uses seven complete housekeeping genes. In total, 518 genomes obtained from public databases and Mexican isolates were evaluated. These genomes were from different sources, such as human infections, followed by insects, wastewater, animals, and unknown origins. The molecular epidemiology showed 104 distinct sequence types (STs). We identified global clones that are multidrug-resistant and are widely geographically distributed; for instance, the ST72 (belonging to main clonal complex [CC1]), the major sequence type in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , ST12 was present in human and non-human niches, and the ST19 and ST90 (present in Mexico) are associated with NDM-1 and the IncA\/C2 plasmid replicon. This study provides a tool for a more accurate analysis of the molecular epidemiology of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                      obtained from different sources and revises its genetic diversity and global distribution. In addition, this work developed a public web platform (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/mlstps.insp.mx\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/mlstps.insp.mx<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ) that implements average nucleotide identity tool for correct species classification followed by the ST assignation. This MLST scheme might be useful for future studies that focus on the evolution of this pathogen and monitoring the global problem clones.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Providencia stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                        is of particular concern due to its natural resistance to antibiotics, such as colistin and tigecycline, as well as its increasing resistance to carbapenems. Consequently,\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                        is an emerging pathogen that has been reported as a cause of human infections and is also distributed in non-human niches such as insects, wastewater, and animals. To understand how bacteria spread, researchers study their \u201cgenetic fingerprint\u201d using methods like multilocus sequence typing (MLST), which for decades has been a useful approach for studying the molecular epidemiology of pathogens. Therefore, in this study, we studied the genetic diversity of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. stuartii<\/jats:italic>\n                        implementing an MLST scheme designed for this purpose. We identified multidrug-resistant clones that are distributed worldwide. This system could be useful for future studies focusing on the evolution of this pathogen and monitoring high-risk clones. Tracking these strains is important for protecting public health and preventing outbreaks.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02032-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T14:22:54Z","timestamp":1767190974000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular epidemiology and population structure of\n                    <i>Providencia stuartii<\/i>\n                    obtained from humans and other sources"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8426-9770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nayeli Estefania","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Casiano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Resistencia bacteriana","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tmp8f25","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico","place":["Mexico City, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4891-0559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Resistencia bacteriana","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5880-0516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Aguilar-Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Resistencia bacteriana","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0665-3355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Aguilar-Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tmp8f25","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Centro de Ciencias Gen\u00f3micas","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4871-3945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa Mar\u00eda","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Zamorano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Poblacional","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5380-8095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Delgado-Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tmp8f25","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia.","place":["Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6827-9231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erendira","family":"Cervantes-Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Resistencia bacteriana","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rayo","family":"Morfi-Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043xj7k26","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad de Guadalajara, Instituto de Patolog\u00eda Infecciosa y Experimental, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde","place":["Guadalajara, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Noriega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043xj7k26","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad de Guadalajara, Instituto de Patolog\u00eda Infecciosa y Experimental, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde","place":["Guadalajara, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9743-3739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Gonzalez-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043xj7k26","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad de Guadalajara, Instituto de Patolog\u00eda Infecciosa y Experimental, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde","place":["Guadalajara, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Antonio","family":"Couoh-May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General Dr. Agustin O\u2019Hor\u00e1n","place":["Yucat\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7387-0937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luis Esa\u00fa","family":"L\u00f3pez-Jacome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitaci\u00f3n Luis Guillermo Ibarra","place":["Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Consuelo","family":"Vel\u00e1zquez-Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02hdnbe80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Padilla-Ibarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General del Estado Dr. Ernesto Ramos Bours","place":["Sonora, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena Victoria","family":"Choy-Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General de Zona No.1 IMSS Nueva Frontera","place":["Tapachula, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2348-379X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Alvarado-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Resistencia bacteriana","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5831-9661","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elvira","family":"Garza-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01fh86n78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica y Medicina Molecular","place":["Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesus","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Informaci\u00f3n para Decisiones en Salud P\u00fablica","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2295-2606","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Esperanza","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tmp8f25","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Centro de Ciencias Gen\u00f3micas","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5013-3050","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ulises","family":"Garza-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/032y0n460","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Resistencia bacteriana","place":["Cuernavaca, M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.001485"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.572642"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2023.2275596"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00731-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2025.107484"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01227-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-024-04821-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.006943"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Janda JM. 2025. A group with emerging potential in the clinical and public health realms: the genus Providencia. Infectious Diseases. doi:10.1080\/23744235.2025.2509007","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2025.2509007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116602"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00643"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Methods in microbiology","author":"Rong X","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rong X, Huang Y. 2014 Multi-locus sequence analysis. Taking prokaryotic systematics to the next level, p 221\u2013251. In Methods in microbiology. Vol. 41. Academic Press Inc."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","series-title":"CLSI Supplement M100","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"CLSI","year":"2023","unstructured":"CLSI. 2023. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. CLSI Supplement M100. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. https:\/\/clsi.org\/shop\/standards\/m100-ed35\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.9.2233-2239.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","unstructured":"Krueger F. 2025. Trim galore. Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/FelixKrueger\/TrimGalore"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","volume-title":"Methods in molecular biology","author":"De La Cruz F","year":"2020","unstructured":"De La Cruz F, ed. 2020. Horizontal gene transfer methods and protocols. In Methods in molecular biology. Vol. 2075."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07641-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","unstructured":"Seeman T. 2025. Snippy: Rapid Haploid Variant Calling and Core SNP Phylogeny. Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/tseemann\/snippy"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae268"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu153"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-020-02090-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx610"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msx248"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","unstructured":"Abricate ST. 2025. Github. Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/tseemann\/abricate"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks261"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02412-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa390"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-10-152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1493621"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2018.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2019.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.47.2400587"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-020-02242-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_3668_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24163"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520962296"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.002809"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00584-24"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00115-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109294"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.136374"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01736-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.20.6492-6498.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.7.1769"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2012.05.1029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00571"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.9.4382-4390.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-560"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.14826.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000063"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1032"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2023.02.026"}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.02032-25","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.02032-25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:47:40Z","timestamp":1788223660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.02032-25"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Mark William","family":"Pandori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.02032-25"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.02032-25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02032-25"}}