{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:40:01Z","timestamp":1792676401738,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP17H01506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17H01506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19K15985"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K15985"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20J23348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20J23348"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23KJ2059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23KJ2059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23K23791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23K23791"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Jumbo phages generally have large viral genomes packaged in large virions and exhibit a broad host spectrum. However, the detailed variation in host spectrum among jumbo phages, particularly in the context of bacterial phage defense systems, is not fully understood yet. In the present study, we isolated a novel\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      virus, \u03a6BRkr, from sewage water in Japan. Transmission electron microscopic analysis and whole-genome sequencing revealed that \u03a6BRkr is a jumbo phage with a total DNA length of 306,291 bp, and suggested a novel\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pawinskivirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -like phage. Furthermore, \u03a6BRkr showed broader infectivity against 100 genetically diverse\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      clinical isolates (62.0% of host spectrum) compared with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Phikzvirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03a6NK1 (40.0% of host spectrum). By examining the correlation between phage infectivity and the presence of predicted phage defense systems across these 100 strains in an exploratory screening, we found that among the 50 predicted defense systems evaluated, the Jumbo phage killer (Juk) AB system emerged as the potential candidate showing a distinct differential restriction between the two phages. While \u03a6NK1 completely failed to infect any strains harboring the predicted JukAB, \u03a6BRkr may evade this defense mechanism in some strains. Genomic comparisons revealed that, unlike \u03a6KZ and \u03a6NK1, \u03a6BRkr lacks a homolog of the KZ241 gene, which is known to trigger the JukAB system. It has been suggested that this absence likely confers a stealth advantage to \u03a6BRkr during\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the diversity of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      jumbo phages and provide insights into their advantageous properties for future applications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                        is an opportunistic pathogen causing severe multidrug-resistant infections, making phage therapy a promising alternative treatment. Jumbo phages are attractive candidates because they typically infect a wide range of bacterial strains. However, bacteria constantly deploy diverse defense systems to block viral infections, which can limit therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we isolated a novel jumbo phage, \u03a6BRkr, which exhibits a broad intra-species host range, infecting 62.0% of 100 diverse clinical\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                        isolates tested. Our results suggest that its ability to effectively evade the predicted Jumbo phage killer (Juk) defense system, a robust barrier restricting other well-known jumbo phages, contributed to its broader host range. Viral genomic evidence implies this phage employs a natural stealth strategy by lacking the specific protein targeted by the putative Juk system. Uncovering how certain phages naturally bypass robust bacterial immunities provides critical insights for selecting and developing highly effective phages for future applications.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02068-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:00:16Z","timestamp":1792674016000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isolation and genomic characterization of a novel\n                    <i>Pseudomonas<\/i>\n                    jumbo phage \u03a6BRkr"],"prefix":"10.1128","author":[{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Sakata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/014rqt829","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University School of Veterinary 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Japan"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wzjq897","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University","place":["Kanagawa, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0476-752X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jumpei","family":"Fujiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/014rqt829","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University School of Veterinary Medicine","place":["Hokkaido, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohana","family":"Tamamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/014rqt829","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University School of Veterinary Medicine","place":["Hokkaido, 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