{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:47:52Z","timestamp":1792799272480,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jingzhou Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["2024HD34"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024HD34"]}]},{"name":"Yangtze University Science and Technology Aid to Tibet Medical Talent Training Program Project","award":["2023YZ06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YZ06"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan of Hubei Province","award":["2024BCB043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024BCB043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a major cause of invasive aspergillosis, relies on oxidoreductases for stress adaptation. The role of the oxidoreductase gene\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                      in fungal physiology and virulence remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the function of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                      in regulating\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      growth, virulence, redox homeostasis, and cell wall integrity (CWI).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                      knockout (\u0394\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and complemented strains were constructed via homologous recombination. Phenotypic assays evaluated hyphal growth, virulence in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Galleria mellonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and antifungal susceptibility. Transcriptomic profiling, cell wall composition analysis (chitin\/\u03b2-glucan), biochemical assays (superoxide dismutase [SOD] activity, reactive oxygen species [ROS] levels, and stress tolerance), and macrophage co-culture experiments (phagocytosis\/killing) were performed. CWI-related gene expression was assessed under caspofungin\/rapamycin treatment. \u0394\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed inhibited hyphal growth, reduced virulence, and decreased caspofungin sensitivity. Transcriptomics revealed altered oxidoreductase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling genes. Cell wall thickening (increased chitin) and enhanced tolerance to cell wall stressors indicated CWI activation. \u0394\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibited decreased SOD activity, elevated ROS, reduced stress tolerance, and increased susceptibility to macrophage killing. CWI-related gene expression was unchanged under caspofungin\/rapamycin.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                      critically regulates\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      growth, environmental adaptation, and virulence by modulating CWI and redox homeostasis, highlighting its potential as an antifungal target.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                        is a harmful fungus that can cause severe and often deadly infections in people with weakened immune systems. Understanding how this fungus adapts to stress and causes disease is crucial for developing new treatments. Our study reveals that the gene\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                        plays a vital role in regulating the growth, stress response, and virulence of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                        . When FabG is missing, the fungus becomes less able to grow, resists environmental stresses poorly, and is less harmful to infected hosts. This gene controls the fungus\u2019s ability to maintain internal balance during oxidative stress and strengthens its cell wall, a protective structure. Since FabG is critical for the fungus\u2019s survival and virulence, it could be a promising target for new antifungal drugs. By blocking\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fabG<\/jats:italic>\n                        , we might be able to develop more effective treatments against this dangerous pathogen.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02092-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T14:00:44Z","timestamp":1763042444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Oxidoreductase gene\n                    <i>fabG<\/i>\n                    contributes to fungal development, cell wall integrity, and virulence in\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6618-5311","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05bhmhz54","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05bhmhz54","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4489-3803","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University","place":["Jingzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780802455313"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00182-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2019.1657835"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S370967"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-3401990"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.2.310"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e328337d6de"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318483"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01557-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10020103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S372546"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54568-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00225-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01013-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00439"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.116.031112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14472-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw326"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11192960"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-06-20-0138-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126169"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10040238"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpmc.88"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.5.1.207-211.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14191-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1296151"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.113.215277"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.06.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1327299"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2014.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-021-00515-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S480800"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.4839"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1038342"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2013.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.3.1633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02681219680000081"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04654.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003716"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00008-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13354"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00141-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.09.29"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612811319200011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.07024.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.641495"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00325"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.111.128264"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11010036"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2010.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003575"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2996-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.4c00334"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.534118"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35092620"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2006.00796.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0010042"}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"contributor":[{"given":"Hee-Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"reviewer"}]}],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.02092-25","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.02092-25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T14:08:36Z","timestamp":1767708516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.02092-25"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Vanessa Ann","family":"Varaljay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.02092-25"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.02092-25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02092-25"}}