{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:35:31Z","timestamp":1785429331916,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20wm0125008, JP223fa627005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20wm0125008, JP223fa627005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused primarily by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , poses significant risks to cattle and public health in Ghana. Previous studies reported varying prevalence (3%\u201321%) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain distributions, necessitating a deeper understanding of the molecular epidemiology of bTB to guide control strategies. This study investigated the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates from cattle in Ghanaian abattoirs and compared results with strains from other African countries. Spoligotyping analysis of 28\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates confirmed 6 distinct spoligotypes, with SB0944 being the most prevalent (64.3%). Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units\u2013Variable Number Tandem Repeats (MIRU-VNTR) genotyping analysis further resolved the isolates into 22 genotypes, with loci MIRU26, QUB26, and ETR-A showing the highest allelic diversity. Mixed infections were found in 10% of culture-confirmed cases, indicating a high risk of co-infection with multiple strains in the area. Comparative analysis revealed that Ghanaian isolates clustered within the African 1 (Af1) clonal complex, consistent with strains from Nigeria, Burkina Faso, and Cameroon, but distinct from the BCG-like and other strains that were dominant in Algeria and, to some extent, in Mali. Minimal strain homogenization of West-Central Africa with other regions suggests localized evolution, shaped by ecological barriers, regulated transhumance, and possible competitive exclusion among strains. These findings provide evidence for the need for region-specific bTB control measures that reflect Africa\u2019s unique livestock dynamics and micro-epidemic patterns. Enhanced surveillance with advanced genotyping methods could improve outbreak tracking and inform targeted interventions to mitigate bTB\u2019s impact on livestock in this region.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused primarily by\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                        , is a neglected disease in many low- and middle-income countries, including Ghana. Our study reveals that while\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                        strains in Ghana show high local genetic diversity, they belong almost exclusively to a single clonal complex (Af1) shared across West-Central Africa. Despite regional regulations governing transhumance and cattle movement, the observed strain mixing suggests an \u201cisland-like\u201d evolutionary structure for\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                        in this area; that is, diverse within West-Central African countries but genetically isolated. This pattern is shaped by natural barriers, such as deserts and forests, which restrict strain flow while permitting intense intra-regional transmission. Understanding\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                        evolution in this context is essential for tailoring effective, region-specific interventions. Our findings highlight the need to treat West-Central Africa as a community of interconnected but genetically distinct bTB zones, calling for both local action and coordinated regional strategies to mitigate bTB.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02133-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T14:00:30Z","timestamp":1769522430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Insight into the genetic diversity of\n                    <i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i>\n                    isolated from cattle in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"David Atomanyi","family":"Barnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02e16g702","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido 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