{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:35:15Z","timestamp":1787016915571,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748908800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["none"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["none"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24jm0110021,JP24wm0125008,JP243fa627005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24jm0110021,JP24wm0125008,JP243fa627005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although human tuberculosis (TB) caused by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is clinically, pathologically, and radiologically indistinguishable from\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      -caused TB,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is innately resistant to pyrazinamide, a key first-line drug effective against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The rapid differentiation of these two biovars is therefore of high clinical and epidemiologic importance. Most current molecular tools in resource-limited settings identify mycobacteria only to the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      species (MTB) level. In this study, we report a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method coupled with dipstick chromatography for the rapid and easy differential detection of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The assay was optimized and validated using 143 isolates comprising six MTB reference strains, 50\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates, 58\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates, 24 non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) strains, and five other respiratory pathogens. The multiplex LAMP correctly detected MTB and distinguished between\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      simultaneously with sensitivities of 500 fg and 1 pg DNA, respectively, within 60 min, and the results were visualized by dipstick chromatography within 10 min. The assay was specific in that no major respiratory pathogens tested, including NTM strains, were positive. The multiplex dipstick LAMP assay is therefore a useful and accurate low-cost method for the differential identification of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , especially in endemic areas where bovine and human TB coexist. The distinction between\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      can also aid in monitoring the spread of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      to humans and allow for correct treatment, which will ultimately contribute to TB control in both humans and animals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Human tuberculosis caused by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      shows similar clinical symptoms; however, the treatment differs because\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is inherently resistant to pyrazinamide, a key first-line drug effective against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Most available molecular tools cannot distinguish the two biovars. This study addresses this gap by introducing a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method coupled with dipstick chromatography that can simultaneously and differentially detect\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      within 60 min. The LAMP method does not require sophisticated high-cost equipment and can be easily implemented in resource-limited settings. Our LAMP facilitates rapid and accurate tuberculosis diagnosis, enabling appropriate therapeutic agents to be selected in areas where bovine and human tuberculosis coexist. It can also screen for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in humans and livestock, providing prevalence data in areas where such information is lacking.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02421-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T21:08:54Z","timestamp":1746047334000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Development of a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for differential detection of\n                    <i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    by dipstick DNA chromatography"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mwangala 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