{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:36:02Z","timestamp":1792290962267,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, we investigated complicated diverticulitis, an inflammatory condition associated with abscesses, fistulas, intestinal obstructions, perforations, and primarily affects adults over the age of 60. Although the exact etiology remains unclear, the gut microbiome has been suggested as a contributing factor. Previous studies have used 16S rRNA gene analysis from patient fecal samples, which is limited to identifying the bacterial communities present. Herein, we employed shotgun metatranscriptomics on 40 patient-matched samples of diseased and adjacent normal colonic mucosal tissues from 20 patients with complicated diverticulitis to gain a more comprehensive understanding of active microbial taxa and gene expression patterns that may be involved in this disease state. Our findings revealed distinct beta diversity and a conglomerate of pathogenic microbiota in the diseased tissues, including\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus cohnii, Corynebacterium jeikeium, Kineococcus, Talaromyces rugulosus, Campylobacteraceae,<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ottowia,<\/jats:italic>\n                      among others. The adjacent normal tissues were a stark contrast, harboring anti-inflammatory taxa such as\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus salivarius<\/jats:italic>\n                      and housekeeping genes and pathways such as the ABC-2 type transport system ATP-binding protein. These results align with previous amplicon sequencing studies and provide novel functional insights that may be crucial for understanding the etiology of complicated diverticulitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>Complicated diverticulitis is a virulent condition with no clear cause other than the association with colonic diverticulosis. We assessed the microbial gene expression in complicated diverticulitis patients using colonic tissue samples, revealing microbes in the diseased tissue known to exacerbate the diverticular condition and to live in extreme places, and microbes in patients\u2019 normal tissue known to maintain normal bodily functions. This functional information is therefore important for understanding what microbial taxa are present and what they are doing. It is possible clinicians could someday harness this information to more effectively treat complicated diverticulitis symptoms. For example, clinicians may suggest dietary changes and prescribe probiotics to increase beneficial bacteria. Clinicians may also prescribe targeted antibiotics or consider the emerging treatment option of fecal transplants in complicated diverticulitis patients. While not curing complicated diverticulitis, each potential treatment option mentioned addresses balancing out dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, therefore alleviating associated symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02431-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T09:01:31Z","timestamp":1747904491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Metatranscriptomic analysis of colonic mucosal samples exploring the functional role of active microbial consortia in complicated diverticulitis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4958-1358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittney N.","family":"McMullen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ayg2409","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, Juniata College","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]},{"name":"Wright Labs, LLC","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Chen See","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wright Labs, LLC","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ayg2409","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, Juniata College","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin R.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wright Labs, LLC","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha L. C.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wright Labs, LLC","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Yochum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Koltun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Portolese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nimalan A.","family":"Jeganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0952-1326","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Regina","family":"Lamendella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ayg2409","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, Juniata College","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]},{"name":"Wright Labs, LLC","place":["Huntingdon, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"Definition & Facts for Diverticular Disease. 2021. NIH national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases. Available from: https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diverticulosis-diverticulitis\/definition-facts#diverticulitis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2020.100862"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102432"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14615"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-49-9-827"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06787-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000002647"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cophys.2021.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life12122129"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.16271"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1351129"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","volume-title":"FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data","author":"Andrews S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Andrews S. 2010. FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. Java. Babraham Institute."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty560"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1891-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163962"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt593"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab293"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv1070"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0209-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","unstructured":"Gentleman R Ihaka R R Core Team. 2021. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna Austria."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2011-12-6-r60"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009442"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16142"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16234008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agm2.12167"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2221-6189.219624"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.8764"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003878"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12081537"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.75"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00903-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.2.893-900.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","volume-title":"Sanitation and disease in the 21st century: health and microbiological aspects of excreta and wastewater management","author":"Pitkanen T","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pitkanen T, Hanninen M-L. 2017. Members of the family Campylobacteraceae: Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli. In Rose JB, Cisneros BJ (ed), Sanitation and disease in the 21st century: health and microbiological aspects of excreta and wastewater management. Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020036"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","unstructured":"NCBI. Ottowia. NCBI Taxonomy Browser. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=219181"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.006360"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03133-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40793-017-0285-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmx009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","unstructured":"Metabolites: O-desmethylangolensin (HMDB0004629). HMDB. Available from: https:\/\/hmdb.ca\/metabolites\/HMDB0004629"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8060361"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2023.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","unstructured":"NCBI. Streptomyces sp. NA04227. NCBI Taxonomy Browser. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=2742136&lvl=3&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock&mod=1&log_op=modifier_toggle#modif."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.906258"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-024-03216-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI72333"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01354-4"}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.02431-24","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.02431-24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T09:06:41Z","timestamp":1751360801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.02431-24"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Claesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.02431-24"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.02431-24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02431-24"}}