{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:28:56Z","timestamp":1785414536372,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023J011218, 2022J011040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J011218, 2022J011040"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vaginal infections are closely associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, yet research on vaginal microecology and HPV mRNA expression in pregnant women remains limited. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of vaginal microecological disorders and their relationship with HPV infection among pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 630 pregnant women who received prenatal care at Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from 2023 to 2024. All participants underwent both the Aptima HPV E6\/E7 mRNA assay and vaginal microecological examinations. Clinical characteristics, virological results, and vaginal microecological alterations were analyzed. Of the 630 participants, 241 (38.3%) exhibited vaginal microecology disorders, with aerobic vaginitis (AV, 12.7%) being the most common subtype. A total of 97 (15.4%) participants had received HPV vaccination. The overall high-risk (HR)-HPV E6\/E7 mRNA positivity rate was 28.6\n\n%\n, including 4.8\n\n%\n for HPV16\/18\/45\n\n and \n\n23.8\n\n%\n for the other 11 high-risk genotypes. Age-adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following independent risk factors for HR-HPV E6\/E7 mRNA positivity: bacterial vaginosis (BV) (aOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.25\u20134.70,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009), Nugent score \u22657 (aOR= 2.35, 95% CI = 1.21\u20134.57,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.012), leukocyte esterase positivity (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.03\u20132.15,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.036), and lack of HPV vaccination (aOR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.27\u20133.12,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003). Vaginal microecological disorders\u2014particularly BV and leukocyte esterase\u2014are independent risk factors for HR-HPV E6\/E7 mRNA positivity. To optimize the management of HPV-infected pregnant individuals, enhanced focus on the prevention and targeted treatment of BV is warranted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>This study addresses the limited evidence linking vaginal microecology to high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in pregnancy. Bacterial vaginosis, high Nugent score, and leukocyte esterase positivity were independently associated with HPV infection, whereas HPV vaccination offered protection. These results underscore the value of integrating vaginal microecological assessment and HPV testing into routine prenatal care.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02446-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T09:58:55Z","timestamp":1776679135000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of vaginal microecological disorder and its association with HPV infections in pregnant women attending prenatal examinations"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6795-164X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/050s6ns64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Fujian Provincial Cervical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Health Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1679-3129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/050s6ns64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]},{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Women and Children\u2019s Hospital)","place":["Fuzhou, China"]},{"name":"Fujian Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital)","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/050s6ns64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/050s6ns64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]},{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Women and Children\u2019s Hospital)","place":["Fuzhou, China"]},{"name":"Fujian Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital)","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/050s6ns64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]},{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Women and Children\u2019s 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