{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T02:58:35Z","timestamp":1774925915179,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n              We conducted a single-center study at a free community testing site in Baltimore City to assess the accuracy of self-performed rapid antigen tests (RATs) for COVID-19. Self-administered BinaxNOW RATs were compared with clinician-performed RATs and against a reference lab molecular testing as the gold standard. Of the 953 participants, 14.9% were positive for SARS- CoV-2 as determined by RT-PCR. The sensitivity and specificity were similar for both self- and clinician-performed RATs (sensitivity: 83.9% vs 88.2%,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              = 0.40; specificity: 99.8% vs 99.6%,\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              = 0.6). Subgroup comparisons based on age and race yielded similar results. Notably, 5.2% (95% CI: 1.5% to 9.5%) of positive results were potentially missed due to participant misinterpretation of the self-test card. However, the false-positive rate for RATs was reassuringly comparable in accuracy to clinician-administered tests. These findings hold significant implications for physicians prescribing treatment based on patient-reported, self-administered positive test results. Our study provides robust evidence supporting the reliability and utility of patient-performed RATs, underscoring their comparable accuracy to clinician-performed RATs, and endorsing their continued use in managing COVID-19. Further studies using other rapid antigen test brands are warranted.\n            <\/jats:p>\n            <jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>Accurate and accessible COVID-19 testing is crucial for effective disease control and management. A recent single-center study conducted in Baltimore City examined the reliability of self-performed rapid antigen tests (RATs) for COVID-19. The study found that self-administered RATs yielded similar sensitivity and specificity to clinician-performed tests, demonstrating their comparable accuracy. These findings hold significant implications for physicians relying on patient-reported positive test results for treatment decisions. The study provides robust evidence supporting the reliability and utility of patient-performed RATs, endorsing their continued use in managing COVID-19. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for further research using different rapid antigen test brands to enhance generalizability. Ensuring affordable and widespread access to self-tests is crucial, particularly in preparation for future respiratory virus seasons and potential waves of reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 variants such as the Omicron variant.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02525-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T14:01:08Z","timestamp":1707832868000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Self-administered versus clinician-performed BinaxNOW COVID rapid test: a comparison of accuracy"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mary Jane E.","family":"Vaeth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baltimore Convention Center Field Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6923-1494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minahil","family":"Cheema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Omer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baltimore Convention Center Field Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ishaan","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3075-9064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristie J.","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asia","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baltimore Convention Center Field Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Elhabashy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maisha","family":"Foyez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baltimore Convention Center Field Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aamna","family":"Cheema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binish","family":"Javed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Purekal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Resham","family":"Rahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Michtalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Locke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"Kantsiper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hospital Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James D.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. Adrianne","family":"Hammershaimb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukari C.","family":"Manabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0376-8560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew L.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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