{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:00:36Z","timestamp":1785427236281,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Fundamental Fund 2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fundamental Fund 2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Fundamental Fund 2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fundamental Fund 2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Postdoctoral Fellowship Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Postdoctoral Fellowship Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["220211\/Z\/20\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220211\/Z\/20\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Melioidosis is a fatal infectious disease caused by the environmental bacterium\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Although it is highly endemic in tropical regions, melioidosis remains underdiagnosed. The disease presents with diverse clinical manifestations, but diagnosis relies on time-consuming bacterial culture. Many patients with poor outcomes are referred from community hospitals, where culture facilities are unavailable. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for timely treatment and improved outcomes. We developed an antigen detection test kit (Melioidosis-ATK) that targets the 6-deoxy-heptan capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The diagnostic performance of the assay was evaluated using 88 clinical samples, including blood culture broth (obtained from incubated blood culture bottles) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 17), sputum (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 33), pus (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 17), urine (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 14), and other body fluids (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 7) from 88 patients with melioidosis, 204 samples from 195 patients with other bacterial infections, and 38 samples from 38 patients with negative blood culture. The assay demonstrated a limit of detection of 4.33 \u00d7 10\u00b3 CFU\/mL for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                      and 0.2 ng\/mL for purified CPS. The Melioidosis-ATK demonstrated high diagnostic performance, with a sensitivity of 100% for blood culture broth, 84.9% for sputum, 88.2% for pus, 100% for urine, and 85.7% for other body fluids. The assay also exhibited a specificity of 100% across all sample types evaluated. The Kappa coefficient of agreement between the antigen test and culture for all clinical specimens ranged from 0.77 to 1.00. These findings suggest that the Melioidosis-ATK is a promising point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tool for use in rural hospitals, offering rapid, simple, equipment-free testing with high performance and has the potential to improve patient outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Melioidosis is a life-threatening but underrecognized infectious disease caused by\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                        , which predominantly occurs in regions with limited diagnostic capacity. A definitive diagnosis typically relies on bacterial culture, which is slow, technically demanding, and often unavailable in resource-constrained settings. To address this problem, we developed a rapid antigen detection assay (Melioidosis-ATK) that targets the 6-deoxy-heptan capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                        and evaluated its performance using multiple clinical specimen types. The test demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity and can be performed as a point-of-care (POC) test. By enabling prompt diagnosis and timely initiation of effective therapy, this assay represents a practical tool to enhance clinical management and reduce disease-associated mortality in endemic regions.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02881-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T13:00:42Z","timestamp":1774616442000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of an antigen detection test kit (Melioidosis-ATK) for point-of-care diagnosis of melioidosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1281-1038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akarin","family":"Intaramat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00nb6mq69","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Translational Research Unit, Chulabhorn Research Institute","place":["Bangkok, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2129-5800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasyanee","family":"Binmaeil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01znkr924","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Bangkok","place":["Bangkok, 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