{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:29:28Z","timestamp":1782955768174,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746489600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-009301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-009301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AA-ID126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA-ID126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n              Inactivated, whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines remain at the frontline in the global fight against the resurgence of whooping cough, especially in low- and middle-income countries. However, the reliance on the intracerebral mouse potency test (ic-MPT or Kendrick assay) as the standard batch release assay is extremely burdensome for commercial wP vaccine production. The ic-MPT is technically challenging, labor intensive, and incongruous with modern animal welfare guidelines. Replacing the ic-MPT with a whole-cell\n              <jats:italic>Bordetella pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n              enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the so-called pertussis serology potency test, has shown promise but has been difficult to implement in practice. In this report, we tested the hypothesis that potent and subpotent wP vaccines have distinct serological profiles in mice that could be developed as a substitute for the ic-MPT. We established an accelerated decay (thermal stress) protocol in which wP, in the context of diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis, was rendered &gt;10-fold less effective than unstressed vaccine when evaluated in a mouse model of\n              <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n              lung clearance following intranasal challenge. We then screened immune sera on a limited\n              <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n              Tahoma I proteome array and identified &gt;30 antigens whose antibody reactivity profiles either increased, decreased, or were unchanged as a function of wP potency. Moreover, virtually all the \u201cindicator\u201d antigens identified are known virulence factors or reactive with human convalescent sera, thereby establishing a potential link between wP potency and pertussis infection and immunity. These results support the development of a limited\n              <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n              antigen array as a stability-indicating surrogate potency assay for the ic-MPT.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Whooping cough (pertussis) is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium,\n              <jats:italic>Bordetella pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n              . Globally, tens of millions of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines are administered annually. Whole-cell pertussis vaccines are logistically complex to manufacture and get to market because of the need for each batch of vaccine to be evaluated in a highly laborious and challenging potency test known as the Kendrick assay, which involves mouse intracerebral challenges with\n              <jats:italic>B. pertussis.<\/jats:italic>\n              In this report, we describe efforts to develop a serology-based substitute for the Kendrick assay that relies on profiling antibody responses to wP vaccines.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03253-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T15:50:49Z","timestamp":1742917849000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antibody signatures elicited by potent and subpotent whole-cell pertussis vaccines in mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6947-152X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yetunde","family":"Adewunmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health","place":["Albany, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8749-774X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Doering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health","place":["Albany, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas","place":["Lawrence, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jozelyn V.","family":"Pablo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antigen Discovery, Inc.","place":["Irvine, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andy A.","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antigen Discovery, Inc.","place":["Irvine, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vu","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antigen Discovery, Inc.","place":["Irvine, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Secrist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas","place":["Lawrence, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Volkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas","place":["Lawrence, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta B.","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas","place":["Lawrence, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Campo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antigen Discovery, Inc.","place":["Irvine, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5083-8640","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Mantis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health","place":["Albany, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2021.1980987"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piz005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11010001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00083-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa469"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30390-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2024.2324547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12060609"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.37.7.803-b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/biol.2000.0247"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.07.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2014.939636"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Von 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