{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:56:08Z","timestamp":1791294968786,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Fragrance Flavour and Cosmetics","award":["1021ZK230016013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1021ZK230016013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is a major environmental stressor that induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and skin barrier dysfunction. Although\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is a beneficial skin commensal, current evidence on its protective effects against UVB-induced skin damage has primarily focused on reference strains or a limited number of individual metabolites. The broader photoprotective potential of postbiotics derived from newly isolated skin commensal strains remains insufficiently characterized. Here, we investigated the anti-photodamage activity and underlying mechanisms of the cell-free supernatant of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      CCSM0287 (SE 287-CFS), a multifunctional skin commensal isolated from healthy skin, in UVB-induced HaCaT cells. SE 287-CFS significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion. Mechanistically, SE 287-CFS inhibited p65 nuclear translocation and suppressed activation of the ROS\/MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. In addition, SE 287-CFS increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and promoted keratinocyte proliferation and migration, indicating improved skin barrier function. Non-targeted metabolomics combined with correlation analysis suggested that butyric and adipic acids were primarily associated with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Other organic acids, including succinic, acetic, and propanoic acids, may contribute to skin barrier repair. Together, this study demonstrates that SE 287-CFS protects against UVB-induced photodamage by modulating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, and improving skin barrier function. It also highlights the potential of postbiotics derived from skin commensals as candidates for microbiome-based skin photoprotection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                        is a dominant commensal skin bacterium that plays a crucial role in maintaining skin homeostasis and defending against various external stressors. UV radiation is a primary environmental factor that induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, resulting in photodamage and impaired skin barrier function. This study demonstrated the significant protective effect of SE 287-CFS in counteracting ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage. By modulating the reactive oxygen species (ROS)\/MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathways, SE 287-CFS effectively alleviated oxidative stress, reduced inflammatory cytokine production, and enhanced skin barrier function. This research highlighted the potential of using skin commensal bacteria as a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance skin protection against UVB-induced damage, providing a promising approach to improve skin health under environmental stressors like UV radiation.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03649-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:01:00Z","timestamp":1788440460000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Skin commensal bacterium\n                    <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/i>\n                    CCSM0287 cell-free supernatant protects HaCaT cells from UVB irradiation-induced photodamage and improves skin barrier function"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8570-6185","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00fjzqj15","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Faculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8252-0701","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd.","place":["Jinan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5652-6146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd.","place":["Jinan, 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