{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:50:21Z","timestamp":1786117821100,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Endometritis is a major cause of infertility that adversely impacts both human reproductive health and livestock productivity. This study investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of sinomenine (SIN) against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      )-induced endometritis. Seventy-two adult female mice were randomly divided into six groups: control group, SIN group (100 mg\/kg),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      group (1 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                      CFU per 200 \u03bcL PBS), and SIN (25 mg\/kg, 50 mg\/kg, and 100 mg\/kg, respectively) +\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      groups. Uterine tissues were collected for analysis. Inflammatory factors, ferroptosis, and P2X7 signaling pathway-associated proteins were detected.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection induced severe uterine pathology, significantly elevating myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, and IL-6;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Infection also triggered ferroptosis and upregulated P2X7 pathway components (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). SIN administration dose-dependently attenuated these pathological changes, reversing endometritis severity (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). These findings demonstrate that SIN alleviates\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -induced endometritis by suppressing P2X7 receptor-mediated ferroptosis, providing a mechanistic rationale for its therapeutic potential.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        We demonstrated for the first time that SIN could protect mice against\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                        -induced endometritis. The mechanism was through inhibition of P2X7 receptor-mediated ferroptosis, which provides a theoretical basis for SIN treatment of endometritis.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03837-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T13:11:50Z","timestamp":1782825110000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sinomenine protects mice against\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    -induced endometritis through inhibition of P2X7 receptor-mediated ferroptosis and 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