{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T20:52:39Z","timestamp":1776286359981,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiol Spectr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>While this study highlights COVID-19-associated changes in poultry production at a small scale in Cambodia, poultry production is expected to expand due to an increase in the global demand for poultry protein during the pandemic, changes in urbanization, and the reduction of the global pork supply caused by African swine fever (ASF). The global demand and surge in poultry products, combined with inadequate biosecurity methods, can lead to an increased risk of domestic animal and human spillovers of zoonotic pathogens such as avian influenza.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04207-22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T14:01:54Z","timestamp":1671026514000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Influx of Backyard Farming with Limited Biosecurity Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Carries an Increased Risk of Zoonotic Spillover in Cambodia"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0766-5633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudipta","family":"Hyder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9681-9082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin L.","family":"Sievers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Flamand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"TagoPacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malen","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Claes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"CANARIES, Consortium of Animal Networks To Assess Risk of Emerging Infectious Diseases through Enhanced Surveillance, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6004-5671","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erik A.","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"},{"name":"CANARIES, Consortium of Animal Networks To Assess Risk of Emerging Infectious Diseases through Enhanced Surveillance, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Tourism and COVID-19\u2014unprecedented economic impacts.","author":"United Nations World Tourism Organization","year":"2022","unstructured":"United Nations World Tourism Organization. 3 August 2022, access date. Tourism and COVID-19\u2014unprecedented economic impacts. United Nations World Tourism Organization, Madrid, Spain. https:\/\/www.unwto.org\/tourism-and-covid-19-unprecedented-economic-impacts."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Cambodia\u2014contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP), 1995\u20132019.","author":"Knoema","year":"2022","unstructured":"Knoema. 3 August 2022, access date. Cambodia\u2014contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP), 1995\u20132019. Knoema, New York, NY. https:\/\/knoema.com\/\/atlas\/Cambodia\/topics\/Tourism\/Travel-and-Tourism-Total-Contribution-to-GDP\/Contribution-of-travel-and-tourism-to-GDP-percent-of-GDP."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","volume-title":"Cambodia: tourism statistics report.","author":"Ministry of Tourism","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ministry of Tourism. 2022. Cambodia: tourism statistics report. Ministry of Tourism, Phnom Penh, Cambodia."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","volume-title":"Motivation and personality.","author":"Maslow AH","year":"1954","unstructured":"Maslow AH. 1954. Motivation and personality. Harper & Row, New York, NY. https:\/\/books.google.com.kh\/books?hl=en&lr=&id=DVmxDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR8&dq=Maslow,+A.+H.+(1954).+Motivation+and+Personality.+New+York,&ots=cLJA6BZ13Z&sig=1gAYXdaqTnTNug-Afp2ZoZjl3r4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Maslow%2C%20A.%20H.%20(1954).%20Motivation%20and%20Personality.%20New%20York%2C&f=false. Accessed 12 September 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2018.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","volume-title":"Grown from the past: a short history of community gardening in the United States. Vacant lot gardens.","author":"Smithsonian Gardens Community of Gardens","year":"2022","unstructured":"Smithsonian Gardens Community of Gardens. 3 August 2022, access date. Grown from the past: a short history of community gardening in the United States. Vacant lot gardens. Smithsonian Gardens Community of Gardens, Washington, DC. https:\/\/communityofgardens.si.edu\/exhibits\/show\/historycommunitygardens\/vacantlot."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"Konkel L. 19 April 2018. Life for the average family during the great depression. History.com. https:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/life-for-the-average-family-during-the-great-depression. Accessed 3 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520931558","volume-title":"City bountiful: a century of community gardening in America.","author":"Lawson LJ","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lawson LJ. 2005. City bountiful: a century of community gardening in America. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2022.104418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"Mohapatra S. 5 December 2020. Backyard farming: a lifeline during COVID-19. Access Agriculture. https:\/\/www.fao.org\/family-farming\/detail\/zh\/c\/1365875\/. Accessed 1 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","volume-title":"Southeast Asia\u2019s growing meat demand and its implications for feedstuffs imports.","author":"Lee T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee T, Hansen J. 2019. Southeast Asia\u2019s growing meat demand and its implications for feedstuffs imports. Economic Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/amber-waves\/2019\/april\/southeast-asia-s-growing-meat-demand-and-its-implications-for-feedstuffs-imports. Accessed 3 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00439339.2021.1893620"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"43","article-title":"The local chicken value chain in Cambodia: constraints and challenges of local chicken smallholder producers","volume":"21","author":"Sun H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sun H. 2018. The local chicken value chain in Cambodia: constraints and challenges of local chicken smallholder producers. Aust Agribus Perspect 21:43\u201356.","journal-title":"Aust Agribus Perspect"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","volume-title":"Poultry, HPAI and livelihoods in Cambodia\u2014a review.","author":"Burgos S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Burgos S, Hinrichs J, Otte J, Pfeiffer D, Roland-Holst D, Schwabenbauer K, Thieme O. 2008. Poultry, HPAI and livelihoods in Cambodia\u2014a review. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","volume-title":"Poultry production, marketing, and consumption in Myanmar: a review of literature.","author":"Birhanu M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Birhanu M, Woldegiorgiss W, Geremew K, Alemu S, Kebede F, Unger F, Dessie T. 2021. Poultry production, marketing, and consumption in Myanmar: a review of literature. ILRI research report no 89. International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","volume-title":"African swine fever: the medium-term effects on agricultural markets.","author":"Schmidhuber J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schmidhuber J, Mattey H, Tripoli M, Kamata A. 2022. African swine fever: the medium-term effects on agricultural markets. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. http:\/\/www.fao.org\/documents\/card\/en\/c\/cb9573en. Accessed 1 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2016.69"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","volume-title":"Indonesia: foot and mouth disease outbreak. Emergency plan of action (EPoA).","author":"International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies","year":"2022","unstructured":"International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. 2022. Indonesia: foot and mouth disease outbreak. Emergency plan of action (EPoA). DREF operation no MDRID024. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Paris, France. https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/indonesia\/indonesia-foot-and-mouth-disease-outbreak-emergency-plan-action-epoa-dref-operation-ndeg-mdrid024. Accessed 4 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed4040138"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-016-0147-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10081264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","volume-title":"Scope and space for small scale poultry production in developing countries.","author":"Vinod A","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vinod A, Arindam S. 2007. Scope and space for small scale poultry production in developing countries. IIMA working papers WP2007-12-02. Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department, Ahmedabad, India. https:\/\/core.ac.uk\/outputs\/6443600. Accessed 1 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2020.105199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/agec.12624"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Livestock development strategies for low income countries. Proceedings of the Joint FAO\/ILRI Roundtable, ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","author":"Sansoucy R","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sansoucy R, Jabbar M, Ehui S, Fitzhugh H. 1995. Keynote paper: the contribution of livestock to food security and sustainable development, p 9\u201322. In Wilson TR, Ehui S, Mack S (ed), Livestock development strategies for low income countries. Proceedings of the Joint FAO\/ILRI Roundtable, ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Review on biosecurity in extensive poultry production in developing countries with respect to highly pathogenic avian influenza","volume":"6","author":"Pousga S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pousga S, Magnusson U, Boly H, Ouedraogo GA. 2018. Review on biosecurity in extensive poultry production in developing countries with respect to highly pathogenic avian influenza. Am J Rural Dev 6:71\u201378.","journal-title":"Am J Rural Dev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","first-page":"355","volume-title":"Poultry in the 21st century: avian influenza and beyond. Proceedings of the International Poultry Conference, Bangkok, November 2007.","author":"Sims LD","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sims LD. 2008. Risks associated with poultry production systems, p 355\u2013378. In Thieme O, Pilling D (ed), Poultry in the 21st century: avian influenza and beyond. Proceedings of the International Poultry Conference, Bangkok, November 2007. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110100934"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","volume-title":"Cambodia received 220,000 international tourists in the first 4 months of 2022.","author":"Khmer Times","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khmer Times. 7 May 2022. Cambodia received 220,000 international tourists in the first 4 months of 2022. Khmer Times, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. https:\/\/www.khmertimeskh.com\/501070863\/cambodia-received-220000-international-tourists-in-the-first-4-months-of-2022\/. Accessed 19 June 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","volume-title":"859 percent rise in Angkor Park visitors.","author":"Sithika S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sithika S. 10 June 2022. 859 percent rise in Angkor Park visitors. Khmer Times, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. https:\/\/www.khmertimeskh.com\/501091534\/859-percent-rise-in-angkor-park-visitors\/. Accessed 19 June 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","unstructured":"Mcdougal T. 24 November 2020. US poultry meat consumption rises: chicken protein of choice. Poultry World. https:\/\/www.poultryworld.net\/poultry\/us-poultry-meat-consumption-rises-chicken-protein-of-choice\/. Accessed 1 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2020.100139"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43016-021-00285-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","unstructured":"Graber R. 22 May 2019. Rabobank: China poultry industry to grow due to ASF. WATTPoultry.com. https:\/\/www.wattagnet.com\/articles\/37774-rabobank-china-poultry-industry-to-grow-due-to-asf. Accessed 1 August 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","volume-title":"Voices of the Hungry: food insecurity experience scale.","author":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations","year":"2022","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 13 June 2022, access date. Voices of the Hungry: food insecurity experience scale. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. https:\/\/www.fao.org\/in-action\/voices-of-the-hungry\/fies\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0253717620946111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","volume-title":"The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research","author":"Glaser BG","year":"2010","unstructured":"Glaser BG, Strauss AL. 2010. The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ."}],"container-title":["Microbiology Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.04207-22","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/spectrum.04207-22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T23:23:42Z","timestamp":1701559422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/spectrum.04207-22"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ralph A.","family":"Tripp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/spectrum.04207-22"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.04207-22","relation":{},"ISSN":["2165-0497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2165-0497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e04207-22"}}