{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T02:01:20Z","timestamp":1744164080001},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1969,10,1]],"date-time":"1969-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":-7948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1969,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of a new semisynthetic medium which stimulates in vitro production of the skin permeability factor (PF) by<jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>is described. The effects of<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>H, aeration, temperature, and length of incubation on PF formation or release in strain 569B and several other strains, or both, are compared. Data are presented which show that maximal PF accumulation occurs during a transitional period of growth joining the exponential and stationary phases of the growth cycle. PF elaboration is completed well ahead of any visible signs of lysis in the culture and the PF activity appears to be proportional to the length of the linear growth phase. Possible mechanisms of toxigenicity and the nature of PF are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.100.1.27-34.1969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T14:22:06Z","timestamp":1578061326000},"page":"27-34","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Factors Influencing In Vitro Skin Permeability Factor Production by<i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Stephen H.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5480.140","article-title":"Experimental cholera in humans","volume":"1","author":"Benyajati C.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Benyajati , C. 1966 . Experimental cholera in humans . Brit. Med. J. 1 : 140 - 142 .","journal-title":"Brit. Med. J."},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.22.100168.001333","article-title":"Cholera toxins","volume":"22","author":"Burrows W.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Burrows , W. 1968 . Cholera toxins . Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 22 : 245 - 268 .","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.96.4.1137-1143.1968","article-title":"Cholera toxins: purification and preliminary characterization of ileal loop reactive type 2 toxin","volume":"96","author":"Coleman W. H.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Coleman , W. H. , J. Kaur , M. E. Iwert , G. J. Kasai , and W. Burrows . 1968 . Cholera toxins: purification and preliminary characterization of ileal loop reactive type 2 toxin . J. Bacteriol. 96 : 1137 - 1143 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/207614a0","article-title":"A permeability factor (toxin) found in cholera stools and culture filtrates and its neutralization by convalescent cholera sera","volume":"207","author":"Craig J. P.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Craig , J. P. 1965 . A permeability factor (toxin) found in cholera stools and culture filtrates and its neutralization by convalescent cholera sera . Nature 207 : 614 - 616 .","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.92.3.793-795.1966","article-title":"Preparation of the vascular permeability factor of Vibrio cholerae","volume":"92","author":"Craig J. P.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Craig , J. P. 1966 . Preparation of the vascular permeability factor of Vibrio cholerae . J. Bacteriol. 92 : 793 - 795 ,","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(62)90161-X","article-title":"Further observations on cholera enterotoxin","volume":"56","author":"De S. N.","year":"1962","unstructured":"De , S. N. , M. L. Ghose , and J. Chandra . 1962 . Further observations on cholera enterotoxin . Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 56 : 241 - 245 .","journal-title":"Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.96.1.126-130.1968","article-title":"In vitro production of choleragen and vascular permeability factor by Vibrlo cholerae","volume":"96","author":"Evans D. J.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Evans , D. J. , Jr. , and S. H. Richardson . 1968 . In vitro production of choleragen and vascular permeability factor by Vibrlo cholerae . J. Bacteriol. 96 : 126 - 130 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/114.3.203","article-title":"Pathogenesis of experimental cholera in infant rabbits. I. Observations on the intraintestinal infection and experimental cholera produced with cell-free products","volume":"114","author":"Finkelstein R. A.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Finkelstein , R. A. , H. T. Norris , and N. K. Dutta . 1964 . Pathogenesis of experimental cholera in infant rabbits. I. Observations on the intraintestinal infection and experimental cholera produced with cell-free products . J. Infect. Dis. 114 : 203 - 216 .","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.96.3.440","article-title":"Pathogenesis of experimental cholera: biologic activities of purified procholeragen","volume":"96","author":"Finkelstein R. A.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Finkelstein , R. A. , P. Atthasampunna , M. Chulasamaya , and P. Charunmethee . 1966 . Pathogenesis of experimental cholera: biologic activities of purified procholeragen . Amer. J. Immunol. 96 : 440 - 449 .","journal-title":"Amer. J. Immunol."},{"key":"p_10","first-page":"1601","article-title":"Pathogenesis of experimental cholera: effect of choleragen on vascular permeability","volume":"15","author":"Finkelstein R. A.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Finkelstein , R. A. , S. W. Nye , P. Atthasampunna , and P. Charunmethee . 1966 . Pathogenesis of experimental cholera: effect of choleragen on vascular permeability . Lab. Invest. 15 : 1601 - 1609 .","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"p_11","first-page":"767","article-title":"Etude de Vibrio cholerae au microscope electronique et relation entre l'aspect morphologique et l'agglutination \"O","volume":"29","author":"Galiut J.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Galiut , J. , and J. Giuntini . 1963 . Etude de Vibrio cholerae au microscope electronique et relation entre l'aspect morphologique et l'agglutination \"O .\" Bull. World Health Organ. 29 : 767 - 771 .","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/116.5.606","article-title":"The titration of cholera and antitoxin in the rabbit ileal loop","volume":"116","author":"Kasai G. J.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Kasai , G. J. , and W. Burrows . 1966 . The titration of cholera and antitoxin in the rabbit ileal loop . J. Infect. Dis. 116 : 606 - 614 .","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"p_13","first-page":"109","article-title":"Virulence factors of choleragenic vibrios. Proc. Cholera","author":"Lankford C. E.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Lankford , C. E. , and U. Legsomburana . 1965 . Virulence factors of choleragenic vibrios. Proc. Cholera Res. Symp. Honolulu, p. 109 - 120 . (U.S. Govt. Printing Off., Washington, D.C.).","journal-title":"Res. Symp. Honolulu, p."},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/118.4.349","article-title":"Experimental cholera in the rabbit ligated intestine: ion and water accumulation in the duodenum, ileum, and colon","volume":"118","author":"Leitch G. J.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Leitch , G. J. , and W. Burrows . 1968 . Experimental cholera in the rabbit ligated intestine: ion and water accumulation in the duodenum, ileum, and colon . J. Infect. Dis. 118 : 349 - 359 .","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"139","article-title":"The effects of Vibrio cholerae extracts on membrane transport mechanisms. Proc. Cholera","author":"Richardson S. H.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Richardson , S. H. , and D. J. Evans , Jr. 1965 . The effects of Vibrio cholerae extracts on membrane transport mechanisms. Proc. Cholera Res. Symp. Honolulu, p. 139 - 144 . (U. S. Govt. Printing Off., Washington, D.C.).","journal-title":"Res. Symp. Honolulu, p."},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.91.3.1384-1386.1966","article-title":"Inhibition of intestinal ion translocase enzymes by culture filtrates of Vibrlo cholerac","volume":"91","author":"Richardson S. H.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Richardson , S. H. 1966 . Inhibition of intestinal ion translocase enzymes by culture filtrates of Vibrlo cholerac . J. Bacteriol. 91 : 1384 - 1386 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.96.4.1443-1445.1968","article-title":"Isolation of cholera toxins by dextran sulfate precipitation","volume":"96","author":"Richardson S. H.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Richardson , S. H. , and D. J. Evans , Jr. 1968 . Isolation of cholera toxins by dextran sulfate precipitation . J. Bacteriol. 96 : 1443 - 1445 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(66)92484-6","article-title":"Experimental cholera: a canine model","volume":"7456","author":"Sack R. B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Sack , R. B. , C. C. J. Carpenter , R. W. Steenberg , and N. F. Pierce . 1966 . Experimental cholera: a canine model . Lancet 7456 : 206 - 207 .","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jb.100.1.27-34.1969","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jb.100.1.27-34.1969","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T17:26:17Z","timestamp":1695576377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/jb.100.1.27-34.1969"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1969,10]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1969,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/jb.100.1.27-34.1969"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.100.1.27-34.1969","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9193","1098-5530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9193","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1969,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}