{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:52:36Z","timestamp":1776732756279,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]],"date-time":"1997-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":880934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the cloning and functional analysis of a third member of the CDR gene family in Candida albicans, named CDR3. This gene codes for an ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporter of 1,501 amino acids highly homologous to Cdr1p and Cdr2p (56 and 55% amino acid sequence identity, respectively), two transporters involved in fluconazole resistance in C. albicans. The predicted structure of Cdr3p is typical of the PDR\/CDR family, with two similar halves, each comprising an N-terminal hydrophilic domain with consensus sequences for ATP binding and a C-terminal hydrophobic domain with six predicted transmembrane segments. Northern analysis showed that CDR3 expression is regulated in a cell-type-specific manner, with low levels of CDR3 mRNA in CAI4 yeast and hyphal cells, high levels in WO-1 opaque cells, and undetectable levels in WO-1 white cells. Disruption of both alleles of CDR3 in CAI4 resulted in no obvious changes in cell morphology, growth rate, or susceptibility to fluconazole. Overexpression of Cdr3p in C. albicans did not result in increased cellular resistance to fluconazole, cycloheximide, and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide, which are known substrates for different transporters of the PDR\/CDR family. These results indicate that despite a high degree of sequence conservation with C. albicans Cdr1p and Cdr2p, Cdr3p does not appear to be involved in drug resistance, at least to the compounds tested which include the clinically relevant antifungal agent fluconazole. Rather, the high level of Cdr3p expression in WO-1 opaque cells suggests an opaque-phase-associated biological function which remains to be identified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.23.7210-7218.1997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]],"date-time":"2016-11-10T16:17:28Z","timestamp":1478794648000},"page":"7210-7218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["The Candida albicans CDR3 gene codes for an opaque-phase ABC transporter"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"I","family":"Balan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."}]},{"given":"A M","family":"Alarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."}]},{"given":"M","family":"Raymond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada."}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19304","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.31.19304","article-title":"AP1-mediated multidrug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires FLR1 encoding a transporter of the major facilitator superfamily","volume":"272","author":"Alarco A.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Alarco , A. - M. , I. Balan , D. Talibi , N. Mainville , and M. Raymond . 1997 . AP1-mediated multidrug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires FLR1 encoding a transporter of the major facilitator superfamily . J. Biol. Chem. 272 : 19304 - 19313 .","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"p_2","unstructured":"Alarco A.-M. F. Comte and M. Raymond. Unpublished data."},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5579","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.169.12.5579-5588.1987","article-title":"Unique phenotype of opaque cells in the white-opaque transition of Candida albicans","volume":"169","author":"Anderson J. M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Anderson , J. M. , and D. R. Soll . 1987 . Unique phenotype of opaque cells in the white-opaque transition of Candida albicans . J. Bacteriol. 169 : 5579 - 5588 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5353","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.18.5353-5360.1996","article-title":"The Candida albicans HYR1 gene, which is activated in response to hyphal development, belongs to a gene family encoding yeast cell wall proteins","volume":"178","author":"Bailey D. A.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bailey , D. A. , P. J. Feldmann , M. Bovey , N. A. Gow , and A. J. Brown . 1996 . The Candida albicans HYR1 gene, which is activated in response to hyphal development, belongs to a gene family encoding yeast cell wall proteins . J. Bacteriol. 178 : 5353 - 5360 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/20.suppl.2013","article-title":"PROSITE: a dictionary of sites and patterns in proteins","volume":"11","author":"Bairoch A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bairoch , A. 1992 . PROSITE: a dictionary of sites and patterns in proteins . Nucleic Acids Res. 11 : 2013 - 2018 .","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42155-7","article-title":"PDR5, a novel yeast multidrug resistance conferring transporter controlled by the transcription regulator PDR1","volume":"269","author":"Balzi E.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Balzi , E. , M. Wang , S. Leterme , L. Van Dyck , and A. Goffeau . 1994 . PDR5, a novel yeast multidrug resistance conferring transporter controlled by the transcription regulator PDR1 . J. Biol. Chem. 269 : 2206 - 2214 .","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(91)94015-5","article-title":"High-efficiency transformation of yeast by electroporation","volume":"194","author":"Becker D. M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Becker , D. M. , and L. Guarente . 1991 . High-efficiency transformation of yeast by electroporation . Methods Enzymol. 194 : 182 - 187 .","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)41760-1","article-title":"Molecular cloning and expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae STS1 gene product. A yeast ABC transporter conferring mycotoxin resistance","volume":"269","author":"Bissinger P. H.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bissinger , P. H. , and K. Kuchler . 1994 . Molecular cloning and expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae STS1 gene product. A yeast ABC transporter conferring mycotoxin resistance . J. Biol. Chem. 269 : 4180 - 4186 .","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford M. M.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bradford , M. M. 1976 . A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding . Anal. Biochem. 72 : 248 - 254 .","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"p_10","first-page":"4892","article-title":"The inability of the mouse mdr2 gene to confer multidrug resistance is linked to reduced drug binding to the protein","volume":"54","author":"Buschman E.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Buschman , E. , and P. Gros . 1994 . The inability of the mouse mdr2 gene to confer multidrug resistance is linked to reduced drug binding to the protein . Cancer Res. 54 : 4892 - 4898 .","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90384-1","article-title":"Two differentially regulated mRNAs with different 5~ ends encode secreted with intracellular forms of yeast invertase","volume":"28","author":"Carlson M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Carlson , M. , and D. Botstein . 1982 . Two differentially regulated mRNAs with different 5~ ends encode secreted with intracellular forms of yeast invertase . Cell 28 : 145 - 154 .","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1360704","article-title":"Overexpression of a transporter gene in a multidrug-resistant human Iung cancer cell line","volume":"258","author":"Cole S. P. C.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cole , S. P. C. , G. Bhardwaj , J. H. Gerlach , J. E. Mackie , C. E. Grant , K. C. Almquist , A. J. Stewart , E. U. Kurz , A. M. V. Duncan , and R. G. Deeley . 1992 . Overexpression of a transporter gene in a multidrug-resistant human Iung cancer cell line . Science 258 : 1650 - 1654 .","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14712","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.25.14712","article-title":"The multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) subfamily (Yrs1\/Yor1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is important for the tolerance to a broad range of organic anions","volume":"271","author":"Cui Z.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cui , Z. , D. Hirata , E. Tsuchiya , H. Osada , and T. Miyakawa . 1996 . The multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) subfamily (Yrs1\/Yor1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is important for the tolerance to a broad range of organic anions . J. Biol. Chem. 271 : 14712 - 14716 .","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0297-137","article-title":"Complete inventory of the yeast ABC proteins","volume":"15","author":"Decottignies A.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Decottignies , A. , and A. Goffeau . 1997 . Complete inventory of the yeast ABC proteins . Nat. Genet. 15 : 137 - 145 .","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)85032-J","article-title":"Sequence and structural requirements for efficient translation in yeast","volume":"185","author":"Donahue T. F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Donahue , T. F. , and A. M. Cigan . 1990 . Sequence and structural requirements for efficient translation in yeast . Methods Enzymol. 185 : 366 - 372 .","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.58.070189.001033","article-title":"The biochemistry of P-glycoproteinmediated multidrug resistance. Annu","volume":"58","author":"Endicott J. A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Endicott , J. A. , and V. Ling . 1989 . The biochemistry of P-glycoproteinmediated multidrug resistance. Annu . Rev. Biochem. 58 : 137 - 171 .","journal-title":"Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/134.3.717","article-title":"Isogenic strain construction and gene mapping in Candida albicans","volume":"134","author":"Fonzi W. A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fonzi , W. A. , and M. Y. Irwin . 1993 . Isogenic strain construction and gene mapping in Candida albicans . Genetics 134 : 717 - 728 .","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"p_18","first-page":"169","article-title":"The mouse multidrug resistance gene family: structural and functional analysis","author":"Gros P.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gros , P. , and E. Buschman . 1993 . The mouse multidrug resistance gene family: structural and functional analysis . Int. Rev. Cytol. 169 - 197 .","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cytol."},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5718","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.15.5718","article-title":"Yeast TATAbinding protein TFIID binds to TATA elements with both consensus and nonconsensus DNA sequences","volume":"86","author":"Hahn S.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hahn , S. , S. Buratowski , P. A. Sharp , and L. Guarente . 1989 . Yeast TATAbinding protein TFIID binds to TATA elements with both consensus and nonconsensus DNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 : 5718 - 5722 .","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cb.08.110192.000435","article-title":"ABC transporters: from microorganisms to man. Annu","volume":"8","author":"Higgins C. F.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Higgins , C. F. 1992 . ABC transporters: from microorganisms to man. Annu . Rev. Cell Biol. 8 : 67 - 113 .","journal-title":"Rev. Cell Biol."},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.320020304","article-title":"Yeast\/E. coli shuttle vectors with multiple unique restriction sites","volume":"2","author":"Hill J. E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hill , J. E. , A. M. Myers , T. J. Koerner , and A. Tzagoloff . 1986 . Yeast\/E. coli shuttle vectors with multiple unique restriction sites . Yeast 2 : 163 - 167 .","journal-title":"Yeast"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00310491","article-title":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae YDR1, which encodes a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily, is required for multidrug resistance","volume":"26","author":"Hirata D.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hirata , D. , K. Yano , K. Miyahara , and T. Miyakawa . 1994 . Saccharomyces cerevisiae YDR1, which encodes a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily, is required for multidrug resistance . Curr. Genet. 26 : 285 - 294 .","journal-title":"Curr. Genet."},{"key":"p_23","first-page":"166","article-title":"TMbase-a database of membrane spanning proteins segments","volume":"347","author":"Hofmann K.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hofmann , K. , and W. Stoffel . 1993 . TMbase-a database of membrane spanning proteins segments . Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 347 : 166 .","journal-title":"Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6875","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.12.6875","article-title":"Expression of an ATP-binding cassette transporter-encoding gene (YOR1) is required for oligomycin resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"15","author":"Katzmann D. J.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Katzmann , D. J. , T. C. Hallstrom , M. Voet , W. Wysock , J. Golin , G. Volckaert , and W. S. Moye-Rowley . 1995 . Expression of an ATP-binding cassette transporter-encoding gene (YOR1) is required for oligomycin resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Mol. Cell. Biol. 15 : 6875 - 6883 .","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(91)94030-G","article-title":"Preparation of high molecular weight RNA","volume":"194","author":"Kohrer K.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kohrer , K. , and H. Domdey . 1991 . Preparation of high molecular weight RNA . Methods Enzymol. 194 : 398 - 405 .","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3973","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08580.x","article-title":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae STE6 gene product: a novel pathway for protein export in eukaryotic cells","volume":"8","author":"Kuchler K.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kuchler , K. , R. E. Sterne , and J. Thorner . 1989 . Saccharomyces cerevisiae STE6 gene product: a novel pathway for protein export in eukaryotic cells . EMBO J. 8 : 3973 - 3984 .","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"p_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/00362177585190271","article-title":"An amino acid liquid synthetic medium for development of mycelial and yeast forms of Candida albicans","volume":"13","author":"Lee K. L.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lee , K. L. , H. R. Buckley , and C. C. Campbell . 1975 . An amino acid liquid synthetic medium for development of mycelial and yeast forms of Candida albicans . Sabouraudia 13 : 148 - 153 .","journal-title":"Sabouraudia"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/340400a0","article-title":"The yeast STE6 gene encodes a homologue of the mammalian multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein","volume":"340","author":"McGrath J. P.","year":"1989","unstructured":"McGrath , J. P. , and A. Varshavsky . 1989 . The yeast STE6 gene encodes a homologue of the mammalian multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein . Nature 340 : 400 - 404 .","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1995.060.01.034","article-title":"Sequence comparison of yeast ATPbinding cassette proteins","volume":"60","author":"Michaelis S.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Michaelis , S. , and C. Berkower . 1995 . Sequence comparison of yeast ATPbinding cassette proteins . Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 60 : 291 - 307 .","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol."},{"key":"p_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.5.1823-1828.1993","article-title":"Coordinate regulation of two opaque-phase-specific genes during white-opaque switching in Candida albicans","volume":"61","author":"Morrow B.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Morrow , B. , T. Srikantha , J. Anderson , and D. R. Soll . 1993 . Coordinate regulation of two opaque-phase-specific genes during white-opaque switching in Candida albicans . Infect. Immun. 61 : 1823 - 1828 .","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"p_31","first-page":"2997","article-title":"Transcription of the gene for a pepsinogen, PEP1, is regulated by white-opaque switching in Candida albicans","volume":"12","author":"Morrow B.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Morrow , B. , T. Srikantha , and D. R. Soll . 1992 . Transcription of the gene for a pepsinogen, PEP1, is regulated by white-opaque switching in Candida albicans . Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 : 2997 - 3005 .","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"p_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.6.1536-1543.1995","article-title":"Bfr1(~), a novel gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe which confers brefeldin A resistance, is structurally related to the ATPbinding cassette superfamily","volume":"177","author":"Nagao K.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nagao , K. , Y. Taguchi , M. Arioka , H. Kadokura , A. Takatsuki , K. Yoda , and M. Yamasaki . 1995 . Bfr1(~), a novel gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe which confers brefeldin A resistance, is structurally related to the ATPbinding cassette superfamily . J. Bacteriol. 177 : 1536 - 1543 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.8.1696","article-title":"Fluconazole resistance due to energy-dependent drug efflux in Candida glabrata","volume":"39","author":"Parkinson T.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Parkinson , T. , D. J. Falconer , and C. A. Hitchcock . 1995 . Fluconazole resistance due to energy-dependent drug efflux in Candida glabrata . Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39 : 1696 - 1699 .","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"p_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00352101","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel gene of Candida albicans, CDR1, conferring multiple resistance to drugs and antifungals","volume":"27","author":"Prasad R.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Prasad , R. , P. Dewergifosse , A. Goffeau , and E. Balzi . 1995 . Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel gene of Candida albicans, CDR1, conferring multiple resistance to drugs and antifungals . Curr. Genet. 27 : 320 - 329 .","journal-title":"Curr. Genet."},{"key":"p_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1348873","article-title":"Functional complementation of yeast ste6 by a mammalian multidrug resistance mdr gene","volume":"256","author":"Raymond M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Raymond , M. , P. Gros , M. Whiteway , and D. Y. Thomas . 1992 . Functional complementation of yeast ste6 by a mammalian multidrug resistance mdr gene . Science 256 : 232 - 234 .","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"p_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.1.1","article-title":"Resistance of Candida species to fluconazole","volume":"39","author":"Rex J. H.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rex , J. H. , M. G. Rinaldi , and M. A. Pfaller . 1995 . Resistance of Candida species to fluconazole . Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39 : 1 - 8 .","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"p_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2475911","article-title":"Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: cloning and characterization of complementary DNA","volume":"245","author":"Riordan J. R.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Riordan , J. R. , J. M. Rommens , B. -S. Kerem , N. Alon , R. Rozmahel , Z. Grzelczak , J. Zielenski , S. Lok , N. Plavsic , J. -L. Chou , M. L. Drumm , M. C. Iannuzzi , F. Collins , and L. -C. Tsui . 1989 . Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: cloning and characterization of complementary DNA . Science 245 : 1066 - 1073 .","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"p_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90446-4","article-title":"Phosphatidylcholine translocase: a physiological role for the mdr2 gene","volume":"77","author":"Ruetz S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ruetz , S. , and P. Gros . 1994 . Phosphatidylcholine translocase: a physiological role for the mdr2 gene . Cell 77 : 1071 - 1081 .","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"p_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.10.2300","article-title":"Susceptibilities of Candida albicans multidrug transporter mutants to various antifungal agents and other metabolic inhibitors","volume":"40","author":"Sanglard D.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sanglard , D. , F. Ischer , M. Monod , and J. Bille . 1996 . Susceptibilities of Candida albicans multidrug transporter mutants to various antifungal agents and other metabolic inhibitors . Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40 : 2300 - 2305 .","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"p_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-143-2-405","article-title":"Cloning of Candida albicans genes conferring resistance to azole antifungal agents: characterization of CDR2, a new multidrug ABC transporter gene","volume":"143","author":"Sanglard D.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sanglard , D. , F. Ischer , M. Monod , and J. Bille . 1997 . Cloning of Candida albicans genes conferring resistance to azole antifungal agents: characterization of CDR2, a new multidrug ABC transporter gene . Microbiology 143 : 405 - 416 .","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"p_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2378","article-title":"Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters","volume":"39","author":"Sanglard D.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sanglard , D. , K. Kuchler , F. Ischer , J. L. Pagani , M. Monod , and J. Bille . 1995 . Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters . Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39 : 2378 - 2386 .","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"p_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00277115","article-title":"Gene SNQ2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which confers resistance to 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide and other chemicals, encodes a 169 kDa protein homologous to ATP-dependent permeases","volume":"236","author":"Servos J.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Servos , J. , E. Haase , and M. Brendel . 1993 . Gene SNQ2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which confers resistance to 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide and other chemicals, encodes a 169 kDa protein homologous to ATP-dependent permeases . Mol. Gen. Genet. 236 : 214 - 218 .","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"p_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(91)94004-V","article-title":"Getting started with yeast","volume":"194","author":"Sherman F.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sherman , F. 1991 . Getting started with yeast . Methods Enzymol. 194 : 3 - 21 .","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"p_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3901258","article-title":"High-frequency switching of colony morphology in Candida albicans","volume":"230","author":"Slutsky B.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Slutsky , B. , J. Buffo , and D. R. Soll . 1985 . High-frequency switching of colony morphology in Candida albicans . Science 230 : 666 - 669 .","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"p_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.169.1.189-197.1987","article-title":"White-opaque transition","volume":"169","author":"Slutsky B.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Slutsky , B. , M. Staebell , J. Anderson , L. Risen , M. Pfaller , and D. R. Soll . 1987 . \" White-opaque transition \": a second high-frequency switching system in Candida J. Bacteriol. 169 : 189 - 197 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-143-2-279","article-title":"Gene regulation during high-frequency switching in Candida albicans","volume":"143","author":"Soll D. R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Soll , D. R. 1997 . Gene regulation during high-frequency switching in Candida albicans . Microbiology 143 : 279 - 288 .","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"p_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31723-4","article-title":"A yeast metal resistance protein similar to human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and multidrug resistance-associated protein","volume":"269","author":"Szczypka M. S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Szczypka , M. S. , J. A. Wemmie , W. S. Moye-Rowley , and D. J. Thiele . 1994 . A yeast metal resistance protein similar to human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and multidrug resistance-associated protein . J. Biol. Chem. 269 : 22853 - 22857 .","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"p_48","unstructured":"Taglicht D. and S. Michaelis. A complete catalogue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ABC proteins and their relevance to human health and disease. Methods Enzymol. in press."},{"key":"p_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81370-7","article-title":"MDR1 P-glycoprotein is a lipid translocase of broad specificity, while MDR3 P-glycoprotein specifically translocates phosphatidylcholine","volume":"87","author":"van Helvoort A.","year":"1996","unstructured":"van Helvoort , A. , A. J. Smith , H. Sprong , I. Fritzsche , A. H. Schinkel , P. Borst , and G. van Meer . 1996 . MDR1 P-glycoprotein is a lipid translocase of broad specificity, while MDR3 P-glycoprotein specifically translocates phosphatidylcholine . Cell 87 : 507 - 517 .","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"p_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01276.x","article-title":"Distantly related sequences in the ~- and ~-subunits of ATP synthase, myosin, kinases, and other ATP-requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding fold","volume":"8","author":"Walker J. E.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Walker , J. E. , M. Saraste , M. J. Runswick , and N. J. Gay . 1982 . Distantly related sequences in the ~- and ~-subunits of ATP synthase, myosin, kinases, and other ATP-requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding fold . EMBO J. 8 : 945 - 951 .","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"p_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6126","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.19.6126-6133.1993","article-title":"Three distinct secreted aspartyl proteinases in Candida albicans","volume":"175","author":"White T. C.","year":"1993","unstructured":"White , T. C. , S. H. Miyasaki , and N. Agabian . 1993 . Three distinct secreted aspartyl proteinases in Candida albicans . J. Bacteriol. 175 : 6126 - 6133 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90211-2","article-title":"DNA sequence required for efficient transcription termination in yeast","volume":"28","author":"Zaret K. S.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Zaret , K. S. , and F. Sherman . 1982 . DNA sequence required for efficient transcription termination in yeast . Cell 28 : 563 - 573 .","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jb.179.23.7210-7218.1997","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jb.179.23.7210-7218.1997","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T18:06:55Z","timestamp":1627582015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/jb.179.23.7210-7218.1997"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/jb.179.23.7210-7218.1997"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.179.23.7210-7218.1997","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9193","1098-5530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9193","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}