{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T20:30:13Z","timestamp":1771533013509,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,15]],"date-time":"1998-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":897868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>, an important opportunistic pathogen which commonly affects neutropenic patients, produces conidia with a bluish-green color. We identified a gene,<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>, which is required for conidial pigmentation. The<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>gene encodes a putative polyketide synthase, and disruption of<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>resulted in an albino conidial phenotype. Expression of<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>is developmentally regulated, and the 7-kb transcript is detected only during the conidiation stage. The<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>mutation was found to block 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene production, indicating that<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>is involved in dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin biosynthesis. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed that the<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>disruptant exhibited a smooth conidial surface, whereas complementation of the<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>deletion restored the echinulate wild-type surface. Disruption of<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>resulted in a significant increase in C3 binding on conidial surfaces, and the conidia of the<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>disruptant were ingested by human neutrophils at a higher rate than were those of the wild type. The<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>-complemented strain producing bluish-green conidia exhibited inefficient C3 binding and neutrophil-mediated phagocytosis quantitatively similar to those of the wild type. Importantly, the<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>disruptant had a statistically significant loss of virulence compared to the wild-type and<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>-complemented strains in a murine model. These results suggest that disruption of<jats:italic>alb1<\/jats:italic>causes pleiotropic effects on conidial morphology and fungal virulence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.180.12.3031-3038.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T16:23:50Z","timestamp":1577809430000},"page":"3031-3038","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":300,"title":["The Developmentally Regulated<i>alb1<\/i>Gene of<i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>: Its Role in Modulation of Conidial Morphology and Virulence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Huei-Fung","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 208921;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun C.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 208921;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald G.","family":"Washburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 270062; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Cotton Pathology Research Unit, Southern Crops Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, College Station, Texas 778453"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. J.","family":"Kwon-Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 208921;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Agrios G. N. Plant pathology 4th ed. 1997 Academic Press London United Kingdom"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3415","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/18.11.3415","article-title":"Sequence and molecular structure of the Aspergillus nidulans yA (laccase I) gene","volume":"18","author":"Aramayo R.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Aramayo R. Timberlake W. E. Sequence and molecular structure of the Aspergillus nidulans yA (laccase I) gene.Nucleic Acids Res.1819903415","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1006\/fgbi.1997.0959","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus chsE: a gene related to CHS3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and important for hyphal growth and conidiophore development but not pathogenicity","volume":"21","author":"Aufauvre-Brown A.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Aufauvre-Brown A. Mellado E. Gow N. A. R. Holden D. W. Aspergillus fumigatus chsE: a gene related to CHS3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and important for hyphal growth and conidiophore development but not pathogenicity.Fungal Genet. Biol.211997141152","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19252.x","article-title":"The multifunctional 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase gene of Penicillium patulum\u2014its gene structure relative to that of other polyketide synthases","volume":"192","author":"Beck J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Beck J. Ripka S. Siegner A. Schiltz E. Schweizer E. The multifunctional 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase gene of Penicillium patulum\u2014its gene structure relative to that of other polyketide synthases.Eur. J. Biochem.1921990487498","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.py.24.090186.002211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02191593","article-title":"The Aspergillus parasiticus polyketide synthase gene pksA, a homolog of Aspergillus nidulans wA, is required for aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis","volume":"248","author":"Chang P.-K.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chang P.-K. Cary J. W. Yu J. Bhatnagar D. Cleveland T. E. The Aspergillus parasiticus polyketide synthase gene pksA, a homolog of Aspergillus nidulans wA, is required for aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis.Mol. Gen. Genet.2481995270277","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(81)90259-X","article-title":"Fungal infection in chronic granulomatous disease: the importance of the phagocyte in defense against fungi","volume":"71","author":"Cohen M. S.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Cohen M. S. Isturiz R. E. Malech H. L. Root R. K. Wilfert C. M. Gutman L. Buckley R. H. Fungal infection in chronic granulomatous disease: the importance of the phagocyte in defense against fungi.Am. J. Med.7119815966","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.3.608","article-title":"Therapeutic outcome in invasive aspergillosis","volume":"23","author":"Denning D. W.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Denning D. W. Therapeutic outcome in invasive aspergillosis.Clin. Infect. Dis.231996608615","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.1Part1.387"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/02681218780000141","article-title":"Pathogenicity and virulence of wild-type and melanin-deficient Wangiella dermatitidis","volume":"25","author":"Dixon D. M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dixon D. M. Polak A. Szaniszlo P. J. Pathogenicity and virulence of wild-type and melanin-deficient Wangiella dermatitidis.J. Med. Vet. Mycol.25198797106","journal-title":"J. Med. Vet. Mycol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.12.5694-5697.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s004380050289","article-title":"Cloning of the polyketide synthase gene atX from Aspergillus terreus and its identification as the 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase gene by heterologous expression","volume":"253","author":"Fujii I.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fujii I. Ono Y. Tada H. Gomi K. Ebizuka Y. Sankawa U. Cloning of the polyketide synthase gene atX from Aspergillus terreus and its identification as the 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase gene by heterologous expression.Mol. Gen. Genet.2531996110","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-100-3-345","article-title":"Prolonged granulocytopenia: the major risk factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with acute leukemia","volume":"100","author":"Gerson S. T.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Gerson S. T. Talbot G. H. Hurwitz S. Strom B. L. Lusk E. J. Cassileth P. A. Prolonged granulocytopenia: the major risk factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with acute leukemia.Ann. Intern. Med.1001984345351","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/148.2.230","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis in renal transplant recipients: correlation with corticosteroid therapy","volume":"148","author":"Gustafson T. L.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gustafson T. L. Schaffner W. Lavely G. B. Stratton C. W. Johnson H. K. Hutcheson R. H. Jr. Invasive aspergillosis in renal transplant recipients: correlation with corticosteroid therapy.J. Infect. Dis.1481983230238","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"88","article-title":"Genes for polyketide secondary metabolic pathways in microorganisms and plants","volume":"171","author":"Hopwood D. A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hopwood D. A. Khosla C. Genes for polyketide secondary metabolic pathways in microorganisms and plants.Ciba Found. Symp.171199288112","journal-title":"Ciba Found. Symp."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.24.120190.000345","article-title":"Molecular genetics of polyketides and its comparison to fatty acid biosynthesis","volume":"24","author":"Hopwood D. A.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hopwood D. A. Sherman D. H. Molecular genetics of polyketides and its comparison to fatty acid biosynthesis.Annu. Rev. Genet.2419903766","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3507","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.7.3507","article-title":"Down-regulation of the afferent phase of T cell-mediated pulmonary inflammation and immunity by a high melanin-producing strain of Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"155","author":"Huffnagle G. B.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Huffnagle G. B. Chen G.-H. Curtis J. L. McDonald R. A. Strieter R. M. Toews G. B. Down-regulation of the afferent phase of T cell-mediated pulmonary inflammation and immunity by a high melanin-producing strain of Cryptococcus neoformans.J. Immunol.155199535073516","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.49.100195.001221","article-title":"Polyketide synthase gene manipulation: a structure-function approach in engineering novel antibiotics","volume":"49","author":"Hutchinson C. R.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hutchinson C. R. Fujii I. Polyketide synthase gene manipulation: a structure-function approach in engineering novel antibiotics.Annu. Rev. Microbiol.491995201238","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.12.5110-5117.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2660(08)60245-X","article-title":"Meiotic and mitotic recombination in Aspergillus and its chromosomal aberrations","volume":"19","author":"Kaefer E.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kaefer E. Meiotic and mitotic recombination in Aspergillus and its chromosomal aberrations.Adv. Genet.19197733131","journal-title":"Adv. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1006\/fgbi.1997.0970","article-title":"Metabolic pathway gene clusters in filamentous fungi","volume":"21","author":"Keller N. P.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Keller N. P. Hohn T. M. Metabolic pathway gene clusters in filamentous fungi.Fungal Genet. Biol.2119971729","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.11.3412-3417.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.12.4340-4344.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","unstructured":"Kubo Y. Takano Y. Furusawa I. Molecular genetic analysis of melanin biosynthetic genes essential for appressorium function in Colletotrichum lagenarium Molecular aspects of pathogenicity: requirements for signal transduction. Mills D. Kunoh H. Keen N. Mayama S. 1996 73 82 APS Press St. Paul Minn"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","unstructured":"Kwon-Chung K. J. Bennett J. E. Aspergillosis Medical mycology. 1992 201 247 Williams & Wilkins Baltimore Md"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.150.3.1414-1421.1982"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.51.1.218-223.1986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(94)00095-6","article-title":"Crystal structure of scytalone dehydratase\u2014the disease determinant of a rice pathogen, Magnaporthe grisea","volume":"15","author":"Lundqvist T.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lundqvist T. Rice J. Hodge C. N. Basarab G. S. Pierce J. Lundqvist Y. Crystal structure of scytalone dehydratase\u2014the disease determinant of a rice pathogen, Magnaporthe grisea.Structure151994937944","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00279362","article-title":"The developmentally regulated Aspergillus nidulans wA gene encodes a polypeptide homologous to polyketide and fatty acid synthases","volume":"235","author":"Mayorga M. E.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mayorga M. E. Timberlake W. E. The developmentally regulated Aspergillus nidulans wA gene encodes a polypeptide homologous to polyketide and fatty acid synthases.Mol. Gen. Genet.2351992205212","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/126.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05932.x","article-title":"Virulence of alkaline protease-deficient mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"106","author":"Monod M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Monod M. Paris S. Sarfati J. Jaton-Ogay K. Ave P. Latg\u00e9 J.-P. Virulence of alkaline protease-deficient mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.FEMS Microbiol. Lett.10619933946","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1976.tb01899.x","article-title":"Sources and incidences of airborne Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"6","author":"Mullins J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Mullins J. Harvey R. Seaton A. Sources and incidences of airborne Aspergillus fumigatus.Clin. Allergy61976209217","journal-title":"Clin. Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1039\/np9920900447","article-title":"Biosynthesis of polyketide metabolites","volume":"9","author":"O\u2019Hagan D.","year":"1992","unstructured":"O\u2019Hagan D. Biosynthesis of polyketide metabolites.Nat. Prod. Rep.91992447479","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/121.2.249","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the Aspergillus nidulans yA locus","volume":"121","author":"O\u2019Hara E. B.","year":"1989","unstructured":"O\u2019Hara E. B. Timberlake W. E. Molecular characterization of the Aspergillus nidulans yA locus.Genetics1211989249254 (Erratum, 124:791, 1990.)","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06357.x","article-title":"A transformant of Aspergillus fumigatus deficient in the antigenic cytotoxin ASPFI","volume":"111","author":"Paris S.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Paris S. Monod M. Diaquin M. Lamy B. Arruda L. K. Punt P. J. Latg\u00e9 J.-P. A transformant of Aspergillus fumigatus deficient in the antigenic cytotoxin ASPFI.FEMS Microbiol. Lett.11119933136","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.10.4389-4395.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-9-0323","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of a melanin biosynthetic THR1 reductase gene essential for appressorial penetration of Colletotrichum lagenarium","volume":"9","author":"Perpetua N. S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Perpetua N. S. Kubo Y. Yasuda N. Takano Y. Furusawa I. Cloning and characterization of a melanin biosynthetic THR1 reductase gene essential for appressorial penetration of Colletotrichum lagenarium.Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact.91996323329","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.9.2919-2922.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(87)90164-8","article-title":"Transformation of Aspergillus based on the hygromycin B resistance marker from Escherichia coli","volume":"56","author":"Punt P. J.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Punt P. J. Oliver R. P. Dingemase M. A. Pouwel P. H. van den Hondel C. A. Transformation of Aspergillus based on the hygromycin B resistance marker from Escherichia coli.Gene561987117124","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.1.79-85.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","unstructured":"Raper K. B. Fennell D. I. Aspergillus fumigatus group The genus Aspergillus. Raper K. B. Fennell D. I. 1965 238 268 Williams & Wilkins Baltimore Md"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.2.377","article-title":"Effect of the laccase gene, CNLAC1, on virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"184","author":"Salas S. D.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Salas S. D. Bennett J. E. Kwon-Chung K. J. Perfect J. R. Williamson P. R. Effect of the laccase gene, CNLAC1, on virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans.J. Exp. Med.1841996377386","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","unstructured":"Sambrook J. Fritsch E. F. Maniatis T. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual 2nd ed. 1989 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Cold Spring Harbor N.Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","first-page":"73","article-title":"Two new easy to use vectors for transformation","volume":"42","author":"Silar P.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Silar P. Two new easy to use vectors for transformation.Fungal Genet. Newsletter42199573","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. Newsletter"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01236.x","article-title":"Construction and pathogenicity of Aspergillus fumigatus mutants that do not produce the ribotoxin restrictocin","volume":"9","author":"Smith J. M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Smith J. M. Davies J. E. Holden D. W. Construction and pathogenicity of Aspergillus fumigatus mutants that do not produce the ribotoxin restrictocin.Mol. Microbiol.9199310711077","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.12.5247-5254.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02389.x","article-title":"dewA encodes a fungal hydrophobin component of the Aspergillus spore wall","volume":"16","author":"Stringer M. A.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stringer M. A. Timberlake W. E. dewA encodes a fungal hydrophobin component of the Aspergillus spore wall.Mol. Microbiol.1619953344","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.5.1913-1918.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00290362","article-title":"Structural analysis of PKS1, a polyketide synthase gene involved in melanin biosynthesis in Colletotrichum lagenarium","volume":"249","author":"Takano Y.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Takano Y. Kubo Y. Shimizu K. Mise K. Okuno T. Furusawa I. Structural analysis of PKS1, a polyketide synthase gene involved in melanin biosynthesis in Colletotrichum lagenarium.Mol. Gen. Genet.2491995162167","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.5.1650-1656.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.10.4380-4388.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.24.120190.000253","article-title":"Molecular genetics of Aspergillus development","volume":"24","author":"Timberlake W. E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Timberlake W. E. Molecular genetics of Aspergillus development.Annu. Rev. Genet.241986536","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-3575(79)90048-8","article-title":"Site of inhibition by tricyclazole in the melanin biosynthetic pathway of Verticillium dahliae","volume":"11","author":"Tokousbalides M. C.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Tokousbalides M. C. Sisler H. D. Site of inhibition by tricyclazole in the melanin biosynthetic pathway of Verticillium dahliae.Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.1119796473","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","unstructured":"Tsai H.-F. Unpublished data."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.5681921.x","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus arp1 modulates conidial pigmentation and complement deposition","volume":"26","author":"Tsai H.-F.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tsai H.-F. Washburn R. G. Chang Y. C. Kwon-Chung K. J. Aspergillus fumigatus arp1 modulates conidial pigmentation and complement deposition.Mol. Microbiol.261997175183","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.8.3131-3136.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","first-page":"147","article-title":"Opportunistic mold infections","author":"Washburn R. G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Washburn R. G. Opportunistic mold infections The Mycota Esser L. Lemke P. A. VI 1996 147 158 Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, Germany","journal-title":"The Mycota"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.11.3508-3515.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.9.2088-2092.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/154.6.944","article-title":"Inhibition of complement by culture supernatants of Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"154","author":"Washburn R. G.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Washburn R. G. Hammer C. H. Bennett J. E. Inhibition of complement by culture supernatants of Aspergillus fumigatus.J. Infect. Dis.1541986944951","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-5975(82)90091-3","article-title":"Melanin biosynthesis in Verticillium dahliae: dehydration and reduction reactions in cell-free homogenates","volume":"6","author":"Wheeler M. H.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wheeler M. H. Melanin biosynthesis in Verticillium dahliae: dehydration and reduction reactions in cell-free homogenates.Exp. Mycol.61982171179","journal-title":"Exp. Mycol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-3730-3_10","article-title":"Melanins and their importance in pathogenic fungi","volume":"2","author":"Wheeler M. H.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wheeler M. H. Bell A. A. Melanins and their importance in pathogenic fungi Current topics in medical mycology McGinnis M. R. 2 1988 338 387 Springer-Verlag New York, N.Y","journal-title":"Current topics in medical mycology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1006\/pest.1995.1037","article-title":"The effects of tricyclazole, pyroquilon, phthalide, and related fungicides on the production of conidial wall pigments by Penicillium and Aspergillus species","volume":"52","author":"Wheeler M. H.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wheeler M. H. Klich M. A. The effects of tricyclazole, pyroquilon, phthalide, and related fungicides on the production of conidial wall pigments by Penicillium and Aspergillus species.Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.521995125136","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00693396","article-title":"Melanin biosynthesis and the metabolism of flaviolin and 2-hydroxyjuglone in Wangiella dermatitidis","volume":"142","author":"Wheeler M. H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wheeler M. H. Stipanovic R. D. Melanin biosynthesis and the metabolism of flaviolin and 2-hydroxyjuglone in Wangiella dermatitidis.Arch. Microbiol.1421985234241","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-5975(79)80037-7","article-title":"Melanin biosynthesis in Thielaviopsis basicola","volume":"3","author":"Wheeler M. H.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wheeler M. H. Stipanovic R. D. Melanin biosynthesis in Thielaviopsis basicola.Exp. Mycol.31979340350","journal-title":"Exp. Mycol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","first-page":"2139","article-title":"A polyketide synthase is required for fungal virulence and production of the polyketide T-toxin","volume":"8","author":"Yang G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yang G. Rose M. S. Turgeon B. G. Yoder O. C. A polyketide synthase is required for fungal virulence and production of the polyketide T-toxin.Plant Cell8199621392150","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.5.1470","article-title":"Transformation of Aspergillus nidulans by using a trpC plasmid","volume":"81","author":"Yelton M. M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Yelton M. M. Hamer J. E. Timberlake W. E. Transformation of Aspergillus nidulans by using a trpC plasmid.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA81198414701474","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.16.4792-4800.1995"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.180.12.3031-3038.1998","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.180.12.3031-3038.1998","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T14:41:32Z","timestamp":1695566492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JB.180.12.3031-3038.1998"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,15]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JB.180.12.3031-3038.1998"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.180.12.3031-3038.1998","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9193","1098-5530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9193","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-02-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-04-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}