{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T01:11:19Z","timestamp":1773709879138,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Artemisinin-based combination therapy for malaria has become widely available across Africa. Populations of\n Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n that were previously dominated by chloroquine (CQ)-resistant genotypes are now under different drug selection pressures.\n P. malariae<\/jats:named-content>\n ,\n P. ovale curtisi<\/jats:named-content>\n , and\n P. ovale wallikeri<\/jats:named-content>\n are sympatric with\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n across the continent and are frequently present as coinfections. The prevalence of human\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n species was determined by PCR using DNA from blood spots collected during a cross-sectional survey in northern Angola.\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n was genotyped at resistance-associated loci in\n pfcrt<\/jats:italic>\n and\n pfmdr1<\/jats:italic>\n by real-time PCR or by direct sequencing of amplicons. Of the 3,316 samples collected, 541 (16.3%) contained\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n species infections; 477 (88.2%) of these were\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n alone, 6.5% were\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n and\n P. malariae<\/jats:named-content>\n together, and 1.1% were\n P. vivax<\/jats:named-content>\n alone. The majority of the remainder (3.7%) harbored\n P. ovale curtisi<\/jats:named-content>\n or\n P. ovale wallikeri<\/jats:named-content>\n alone or in combination with other species. Of 430\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n isolates genotyped for\n pfcrt<\/jats:italic>\n , 61.6% carried the wild-type allele CVMNK at codons 72 to 76, either alone or in combination with the resistant allele CVIET. No other\n pfcrt<\/jats:italic>\n allele was found. Wild-type alleles dominated at codons 86, 184, 1034, 1042, and 1246 of the\n pfmdr1<\/jats:italic>\n locus among the sequenced isolates. In contrast to previous studies,\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n in the study area comprises an approximately equal mix of genotypes associated with CQ sensitivity and with CQ resistance, suggesting either lower drug pressure due to poor access to treatment in rural areas or a rapid impact of the policy change away from the use of standard monotherapies.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00559-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,31]],"date-time":"2012-07-31T07:47:26Z","timestamp":1343720846000},"page":"5271-5277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Various\n pfcrt<\/i>\n and\n pfmdr1<\/i>\n Genotypes of Plasmodium falciparum Cocirculate with P. malariae, P. ovale spp., and P. vivax in Northern Angola"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Fan\u00e7ony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CISA Project\u2013Health Research Centre in Angola, Caxito, Angola"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Gamboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CISA Project\u2013Health Research Centre in Angola, Caxito, Angola"},{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Cova da Beira Hospital, Castelo Branco, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Sebasti\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CISA Project\u2013Health Research Centre in Angola, Caxito, Angola"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Hallett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology & Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology & Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Sousa-Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology & Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Susana Vaz","family":"Nery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CISA Project\u2013Health Research Centre in Angola, Caxito, Angola"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00358-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5454.845","article-title":"Cross-species interactions between malaria parasites in humans","volume":"287","author":"Bruce MC","year":"2000","unstructured":"BruceMC. 2000. 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